Biocompatible 3D-Printed Devices With Adipose Stem Cells in the Regenerative Process of Sciatic Nerve Lesions in Rodent Models: An Experimental Study.

Autor:	Trambitas C; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., Pap T; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., Niculescu R; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., Popelea MC; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., Cotoi OS; Physiopathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., Cordoș B; Center of Experimental and Imaging Studies, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., Domnariu HP; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Oradea, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Oradea, ROU., Marin A; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucuresti, ROU., Feier AM; Orthopaedics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., David C; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU., Vintila C; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Targu Mures, ROU.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jun 14; Vol. 16 (6), pp. e62412. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 14 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.62412
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Peripheral nerve injuries are a significant clinical challenge. The rat sciatic nerve serves as an ideal model for studying nerve regeneration. Extensive research has been conducted to unravel the intricate mechanisms involved in peripheral nerve regeneration, aiming to develop effective therapeutic strategies for nerve injury patients. Research including different types of materials that can be used as nerve guides like synthetic polymers have been investigated for their biocompatibility and molding properties. Among multiple stem cell types, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have shown neuroprotective and regenerative important properties. Methods: The purposes of our study were to develop a protocol for rat sciatic nerve injury treated with 3D-printed guide and adipose stem cells to investigate nerve regeneration through histologic examination and biomechanical characteristics of muscular tissue. We use 20 (100%) male Wistar rats, measuring between 350 g ± 35 g, who underwent complete transection of the right sciatic nerve, resulting in a 1 cm defect. The group was separated into three subgroups: the first subgroup (n = 8) was treated with a 3D-printed guide with adipose stem cells, the second subgroup (n = 8) was treated with a 3D-printed guide without adipose stem cells, and the third subgroup (n = 4) was the control group. At four, eight, and 12 weeks, we measured with ultrasonography the grade of muscular atrophy. At 12 weeks, we harvested the sciatic nerve and performed a histological examination and mechanical investigation of the tibialis anterior muscle. Results: On the examined specimen of the first subgroup, cross-sectioned nerve structures were present, surrounded by a mature fibro-adipose connective tissue, with blood vessels. In the second subgroup, no nerve structure was observed on the examined sections, but in the polymorphic inflammatory infiltrate and control group, no signs of regeneration were found. Conclusions: The present study shows a promising potential when utilizing adipose stem cell-based therapies for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration following large (>1 cm) nerve defects knowing that at this size, regeneration is impossible with known treatments. Competing Interests: Human subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve human participants or tissue. Animal subjects: The Committee of Ethics in Scientific Research of the George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania Issued protocol number 1734/12.05.2022. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: This research was funded by George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania (grant number: 510/18/17.01.2022). Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Trambitas et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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