A One Health framework for exploring zoonotic interactions demonstrated through a case study.

Autor: Desvars-Larrive A; Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria. amelie.desvars@vetmeduni.ac.at.; Complexity Science Hub, Vienna, Austria. amelie.desvars@vetmeduni.ac.at., Vogl AE; Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Puspitarani GA; Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Complexity Science Hub, Vienna, Austria., Yang L; Complexity Science Hub, Vienna, Austria., Joachim A; Centre of Pathobiology, Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Käsbohrer A; Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2024 Jul 15; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 5650. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 15.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49967-7
Abstrakt: The eco-epidemiology of zoonoses is often oversimplified to host-pathogen interactions while findings derived from global datasets are rarely directly transferable to smaller-scale contexts. Through a systematic literature search, we compiled a dataset of naturally occurring zoonotic interactions in Austria, spanning 1975-2022. We introduce the concept of zoonotic web to describe the complex relationships between zoonotic agents, their hosts, vectors, food, and environmental sources. The zoonotic web was explored through network analysis. After controlling for research effort, we demonstrate that, within the projected unipartite source-source network of zoonotic agent sharing, the most influential zoonotic sources are human, cattle, chicken, and some meat products. Analysis of the One Health 3-cliques (triangular sets of nodes representing human, animal, and environment) confirms the increased probability of zoonotic spillover at human-cattle and human-food interfaces. We characterise six communities of zoonotic agent sharing, which assembly patterns are likely driven by highly connected infectious agents in the zoonotic web, proximity to human, and anthropogenic activities. Additionally, we report a frequency of emerging zoonotic diseases in Austria of one every six years. Here, we present a flexible network-based approach that offers insights into zoonotic transmission chains, facilitating the development of locally-relevant One Health strategies against zoonoses.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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