Environmental health in the upper-middle Luján River basin from a multi-biomarker approach.

Autor: González Núñez AA; Applied Ecophysiology Program (PRODEA) Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (INEDES, CONICET-UNLu), Department of Cs. Basic, National University of Luján (B6700ZBA) Luján, Argentina. Electronic address: gonzaleznunez.aye@gmail.com., Palacio MJ; Applied Ecophysiology Program (PRODEA) Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (INEDES, CONICET-UNLu), Department of Cs. Basic, National University of Luján (B6700ZBA) Luján, Argentina., Tripoli LI; Luján River Basin Committee (ComiLu), Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Services of the Province of Buenos Aires - Calle 5 N° 366, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Pighin AF; Department of Basic Sciences, National University of Luján (B6700ZBA), Luján, Argentina., Ossana NA; Applied Ecophysiology Program (PRODEA) Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development (INEDES, CONICET-UNLu), Department of Cs. Basic, National University of Luján (B6700ZBA) Luján, Argentina.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) [Environ Pollut] 2024 Oct 15; Vol. 359, pp. 124541. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124541
Abstrakt: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the ecophysiological state of the biota using a set of biomarkers in the upper-middle Luján River. To this aim, we collected adult Cnesterodon decemmaculatus fish, biofilm and water at three sampling sites in the upper-middle Luján River (S1: rural area, S2: Luján City and S3: urban area after passing Lujan City). For each site we determined physicochemical variables, heavy metal concentration in water, 19 biomarkers in fish (morphometric, histological, genotoxic, oxidative stress, metabolic and neurotoxic) and six biomarkers in biofilm (oxidative stress and extracellular enzyme). Additionally, we compared the responses of fish and biofilm with those of laboratory controls obtained from outdoor cultures. Our results indicated increased heavy metal concentration at all sites, mainly As and Cd, and decreased dissolved oxygen at S1 and S3. In fish, genotoxic biomarkers showed significant differences with respect to the control. The comet assay indicated damage in fish at the urbanized sites (S2 and S3) and an increased frequency of erythrocytes with nuclear aberrations at all sites. The CEA index (cellular energy allocation), calculated from the metabolic biomarkers and lipid concentration were significantly increased at S1. The gill damage evaluated histologically and with three indices indicated severe damage at all sites. Gills showed thickened primary and secondary lamellae and fusion of filaments at all sites, but a significant increase in mucous cells was only found at S1 and S3. Biofilm showed increased values of extracellular enzymes (β-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress enzymes (i.e., catalase) at S3. These results are novel in that they incorporated laboratory controls allowing for comparisons with fish and biofilm from the field. They provided information on the status of a fish population and biofilm community, indicating the negative effect of river water deterioration on the tested organisms. Moreover, results showed what biomarkers were most sensitive for each biological sample.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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