Declining glacier cover drives changes in aquatic macroinvertebrate biodiversity in the Cordillera Blanca, Perú.

Autor: Palacios-Robles E; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru.; Centro de Investigación Interdisciplinar Ciencia y Sociedad, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Peru., Medina K; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru.; Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Tierra, Ambiente y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru., Loarte E; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru.; Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Tierra, Ambiente y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru., Castañeda-Barreto A; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru., Gamboa-Mendoza M; División de Limnología, Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad, Lima, Peru., Polo-Salazar R; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru., Tapia P; Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Glaciares y Ecosistemas de Montaña, Huaraz, Peru.; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru., Pellicciotti F; Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK.; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürich, Switzerland., Brown LE; School of Geography & water@leeds, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2024 Jul; Vol. 30 (7), pp. e17355.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17355
Abstrakt: Ongoing climate change threatens the biodiversity of glacier-fed river ecosystems worldwide through shifts in water availability and timing, temperature, chemistry, and channel stability. However, tropical glacier-fed rivers have received little attention compared to those in temperate and Arctic biomes, despite their unique biodiversity potentially responding differently due to additional stress from higher altitude locations thus lower oxygen availability, diurnal freeze-thaw cycles, and annual monsoon rainfall disturbances. However, tropical glacier-fed rivers have received little attention compared to those in temperate and Arctic biomes, despite their unique biodiversity potentially responding differently due to additional stress from higher altitude locations thus lower oxygen availability, diurnal freeze-thaw cycles, and annual monsoon rainfall disturbances. This study quantified aquatic biodiversity responses to decreasing glacier cover in the Cordillera Blanca range of the Peruvian Andes. Ten rivers were studied along a gradient of decreasing glacier cover in the Parón, Huaytapallana, and Llanganuco basins, with a specific focus on macroinvertebrates and physicochemical parameters in both the dry and wet seasons. We found higher temperatures, more stable and lower turbidity rivers as glacier cover decreased, which were related significantly to higher local diversity and lower β-diversity. Analysis of similarity revealed significant differences in the macroinvertebrate community among rivers with high, medium, or low glacier cover, illustrating turnover from specialists to generalists as glacial influence decreased. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that there were more species found to prefer stable beds and water temperatures in medium and low glacier cover in a catchment rivers. However, certain taxa in groups such as Paraheptagyia, Orthocladiinae, Anomalocosmoecus, and Limonia may be adapted to high glacial influence habitats and at risk of glacier retreat. Although species composition was different to other biomes, the Cordillera Blanca rivers showed similar benthic macroinvertebrate biodiversity responses to glacier retreat, supporting the hypothesis that climate change will have predictable effects on aquatic biodiversity in mountain ranges worldwide.
(© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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