Coronavirus disease-19 encephalitis as a differential diagnosis of a cyclosporine related posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: A case report.

Autor:	Mrabet S; Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia., Jaziri A; Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia., Araoud M; Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia., Zellama D; Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia., Naija S; Department of Neurology. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia., Ben Amor S; Department of Neurology. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia., Souissi A; Department of Radiology. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia., Jemni H; Department of Radiology. Sahloul University Hospital. Sousse. Tunisia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	La Tunisie medicale [Tunis Med] 2024 Jul 05; Vol. 102 (7), pp. 429-432. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 05.
DOI:	10.62438/tunismed.v102i7.5027
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare neurological disease possibly associated with the use of calcineurin inhibitors like cyclosporine A (CSA). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) can cause neurological manifestations. We described a case of CSA-related PRES whose diagnosis was difficult due to a concurrent infection with SARS-CoV-2. Observation: The 16-year-old patient was known to have corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome secondary to minimal change disease. CSA was introduced, and on the fifth day of treatment, the patient presented with seizures followed by fever. Biological and magnetic resonance imaging data were in favor of SARS-CoV-2 encephalitis. Relief of immunosuppression by discontinuation of CSA was decided and the patient was put on anticonvulsants. After being declared cured of COVID-19, which was without other clinical signs, the CSA was reintroduced but the patient presented with seizures the next day. This allowed the physicians to rectify the diagnosis and relate the seizures to a CSA-related PRES. Conclusion: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 could be a differential diagnosis of a PRES related to calcineurin inhibitors.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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