Exploring temporal activity of dholes, their prey, and competitors in East Java, Indonesia.

Autor: Havmøller LW; Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark.; Research and Conservation, Copenhagen Zoo Frederiksberg Denmark.; Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Constance Germany., Wahyudi HA; Copenhagen Zoo Baluran Programme, JI Raya Banyuwangi-Situbondo Desa Wonorejo Indonesia., Iqbal M; Baluran National Park, JI Raya Banyuwangi-Situbondo Desa Wonorejo Indonesia., Nawangsari VA; Copenhagen Zoo Baluran Programme, JI Raya Banyuwangi-Situbondo Desa Wonorejo Indonesia., Setiawan J; Baluran National Park, JI Raya Banyuwangi-Situbondo Desa Wonorejo Indonesia., Chandradewi DS; Directorate of Biodiversity Conservation of Species and Genetics Jakarta Indonesia., Møller PR; Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark.; Norwegian College of Fishery Science UiT - the Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway., Træholt C; Research and Conservation, Copenhagen Zoo Frederiksberg Denmark., Havmøller RW; Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark.; Research and Conservation, Copenhagen Zoo Frederiksberg Denmark.; Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Constance Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecology and evolution [Ecol Evol] 2024 Jul 04; Vol. 14 (7), pp. e11666. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 04 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11666
Abstrakt: Dholes ( Cuon alpinus ) are endangered large carnivores found in scattered populations in Asia. One of the main threats to dholes is the decreasing prey availability throughout their distribution range. In the present study, we used camera trap data collected over 6 years to investigate the temporal activity patterns of dholes and their putative prey species in Baluran National Park in Java, Indonesia. We also explored the overlap in activity between dholes and the park's other remaining large carnivore the Javan leopard ( Panthera pardus melas ), as well as humans. Furthermore, we investigated potential differences in activity patterns between dholes in packs and dholes roaming in pairs or alone. We found a high temporal overlap between dholes and their wild ungulate prey species (ranging from Δ = 0.66-0.90), with the lowest overlap observed between dholes and bantengs ( Bos javanicus ) (Δ = 0.66), and the highest between dholes and muntjacs ( Muntiacus muntjak ) (Δ = 0.90). A very low overlap was found between dholes and domestic cattle ( Bos indicus ) (Δ = 0.27) whereas a moderately high overlap was found between dholes and leopards (Δ = 0.70) and dholes and humans (Δ = 0.62). We found a significant difference in activity patterns between dholes in packs and dholes roaming alone or in pairs (Δ = 0.78, p  = .01). Single/pairs of dholes were more active both during the day and at night, whereas packs were predominantly active around sunrise and sunset. The high overlap with humans potentially has a negative effect on dhole activity, particularly for dispersing individuals, and the low overlap with domestic species questions the extent to which dholes are considered to predate on them.
Competing Interests: We have no conflict of interest.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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