Understanding the burden of food allergy among urban and rural school children from north India.

Autor:	Sehgal S; Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA., Gupta N; Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, Institute of Child Health, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, India., Dadha P; Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA., Nagarajan S; SahaManthran Pvt Ltd, Haryana, India., Gupta R; ADK Jain Eye Hospital, Khekra, Uttar Pradesh, India., Verma MJ; ADK Jain Eye Hospital, Khekra, Uttar Pradesh, India., Ibrahim K; Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA., Bilaver LA; Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA., Warren C; Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA.; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA., Sachdev A; Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, Institute of Child Health, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi, India., Nimmagadda SR; Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA.; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill, USA., Gupta RS; Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill, USA.; The Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Outcomes, Research and Evaluation Center, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The World Allergy Organization journal [World Allergy Organ J] 2024 Jun 13; Vol. 17 (6), pp. 100916. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 13 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100916
Abstrakt:	Background: There is paucity of reliable epidemiological data regarding the burden of food allergy in most developing countries, including India. Objective: To provide current estimates of the prevalence and distribution of food allergy among urban and rural school children aged 6-14 years in Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR) of Khekra in India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to February 2023 to enroll school children, 6-14 years, from select urban and rural schools in Delhi and NCR. A questionnaire consisting of questions focused on household environment, early life factors, and pediatric food allergy characteristics was administered by a trained medical researcher to collect parent-proxy data. Univariate statistics were used to describe frequencies, percentages, and 95% confidence intervals for survey items. Results: The estimated prevalence of parent-reported food allergy was 0.8% (95% CI: 0.4-1.5; urban: 0.4%, 95% CI: 0.1-1.1; rural: 1.7%, 95% CI: 0.7-3.5). Fruits such as mango (0.3%, 95% CI: 0.1-0.9), strawberry (0.1%, 95% CI: 0.0-0.7), orange (0.1%, 95% CI: 0.0-0.7), and custard apple (0.1%, 95% CI: 0.0-0.7) were reported only by urban children, while rural children reported yogurt (0.6%, 95% CI: 0.1-1.8) and wheat (0.3%, 95% CI: 0.0-1.3). Both groups reported brinjal (also known as eggplant) and banana, 0.1% (95% CI: 0.0-0.7) of urban and 0.3% (95% CI: 0.0-1.3) of rural, respectively. Overall, commonly reported clinical symptoms were diarrhea and/or vomiting (100%, 95% CI: 76.2-100), abdominal pain (88.9%, 95% CI: 58.6-98.8), and rash/itchy skin (66.7%, 95% CI: 34.8-89.6). Among children with parent reported food allergy, 66.7% (95% CI: 34.8-89.6) of food allergies were physician diagnosed, of which 33.3% were diagnosed via history alone (95% CI:7.7-71.4) while 66.7% (95% CI: 28.6-92.3) were confirmed via skin prick test and/or blood test. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of food allergy is very low in Delhi and Khekra, India. Future work should focus on elucidating the complex interplay of early-life, environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors to understand the reasons for India's low food allergy burden and improve epidemiological clues to prevention for the nations with higher disease burden. (© 2024 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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