Systematic review and meta-analyses: What has the application of Mendelian randomization told us about the causal effect of adiposity on health outcomes?

Autor:	Lee MA; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, 69006, France., Hatcher C; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., McGuinness LA; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., McBride N; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Battram T; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Wan W; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Fang S; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Wade KH; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Corbin LJ; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Timpson NJ; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Wellcome open research [Wellcome Open Res] 2023 Sep 13; Vol. 7, pp. 308. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 13 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18657.2
Abstrakt:	Mendelian randomization (MR) is increasingly used for generating estimates of the causal impact of exposures on outcomes. Evidence suggests a causal role of excess adipose tissue (adiposity) on many health outcomes. However, this body of work has not been systematically appraised. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed results from MR studies investigating the association between adiposity and health outcomes prior to the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic (PROSPERO: CRD42018096684). We searched Medline, EMBASE, and bioRxiv up to February 2019 and obtained data on 2,214 MR analyses from 173 included articles. 29 meta-analyses were conducted using data from 34 articles (including 66 MR analyses) and results not able to be meta-analysed were narratively synthesised. Body mass index (BMI) was the predominant exposure used and was primarily associated with an increase in investigated outcomes; the largest effect in the meta-analyses was observed for the association between BMI and polycystic ovary syndrome (estimates reflect odds ratios (OR) per standard deviation change in each adiposity measure): OR = 2.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22-5.33. Only colorectal cancer was investigated with two exposures in the meta-analysis: BMI (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.01-1.37) and waist-hip ratio (WHR; OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.08-2.03). Broadly, results were consistent across the meta-analyses and narrative synthesis. Consistent with many observational studies, this work highlights the impact of adiposity across a broad spectrum of health outcomes, enabling targeted follow-up analyses. However, missing and incomplete data mean results should be interpreted with caution. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. (Copyright: © 2023 Lee MA et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu