Therapeutic effect of Momordica charantia on cardiomyopathy in a diabetic maternal rat model.

Autor: Elnahas SM; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt., Mansour HAE; Zoology & Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt., El-Sawi MR; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt., Abou-El-Naga AM; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology [J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol] 2024 Nov; Vol. 341 (9), pp. 977-990. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 08.
DOI: 10.1002/jez.2854
Abstrakt: Myocardial structural and functional abnormalities are hallmarks of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a chronic consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Maternal DM affects and increases the risk of heart defects in diabetic mothers compared with nondiabetic mothers. Momordica charantia exhibits antidiabetic effects due to various bioactive compounds that are phytochemicals, a broad group that includes phenolic compounds, alkaloids, proteins, steroids, inorganic compounds, and lipids. Pregnant maternal rats were split into four groups: control (C), M. charantia-treated (MC), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (DM), and diabetic (MC + DM) groups. Diabetes mothers had increased serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Cardiac biomarkers such as cardiac troponin T (cTnT), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase were increased. Hormone levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and estrogen decreased significantly. Inflammatory markers such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were elevated in diabetic mothers. Oxidative stress markers indicated increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, while antioxidants such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were decreased in maternal heart tissue. The levels of apoptotic markers such as tumor suppressor 53 (P 53 ) and cysteine aspartic protease-3 (caspase-3) were significantly greater in diabetic maternal heart tissue. Histopathological analysis revealed heart tissue abnormalities in diabetic maternal rats. M. charantia extract improved maternal diabetes-induced changes in inflammation, antioxidant levels, and heart tissue structure.
(© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: