First detection of PCV4 in swine in the United States: codetection with PCV2 and PCV3 and direct detection within tissues.

Autor: Kroeger M; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1655 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, 50011, USA., Vargas-Bermudez DS; Animal Health Department. Center of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Production Animal, Colombia National University, Bogotá, Colombia., Jaime J; Animal Health Department. Center of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Production Animal, Colombia National University, Bogotá, Colombia., Parada J; CONICET- Animal Pathology Department. Agronomy and Veterinary College, Río Cuarto National University, Córdoba, Argentina., Groeltz J; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1655 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, 50011, USA., Gauger P; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1655 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, 50011, USA., Piñeyro P; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1655 Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. pablop@iastate.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Jul 05; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 15535. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 05.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66328-y
Abstrakt: Since PCV4 was first described in 2019, the virus has been identified in several countries in Southeast Asia and Europe. Most studies have been limited to detecting PCV4 by PCR. Thus, PCV4 has an unclear association with clinical disease. This study utilized 512 porcine clinical lung, feces, spleen, serum, lymphoid tissue, and fetus samples submitted to the ISU-VDL from June-September 2023. PCV4 was detected in 8.6% of samples with an average Ct value of 33. While detection rates among sample types were variable, lymphoid tissue had the highest detection rate (18.7%). Two ORF2 sequences were obtained from lymphoid tissue samples and had 96.36-98.98% nucleotide identity with reference sequences. Direct detection of PCV4 by RNAscope revealed viral replication in B lymphocytes and macrophages in lymph node germinal centers and histiocytic and T lymphocyte infiltration in the lamina propria of the small intestine. PCV4 detection was most commonly observed in nursery to finishing aged pigs displaying respiratory and enteric disease. Coinfection with PCV2, PCV3, and other endemic pathogens was frequently observed, highlighting the complex interplay between different PCVs and their potential roles in disease pathogenesis. This study provides insights into the frequency of detection, tissue distribution, and genetic characteristics of PCV4 in the US.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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