Higher fibre and lower carbohydrate intake are associated with favourable CGM metrics in a cross-sectional cohort of 470 individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Autor: de Wit DF; Department of (Experimental) Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. d.f.dewit@amsterdamumc.nl., Fuhri Snethlage CM; Department of (Experimental) Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Rampanelli E; Department of (Experimental) Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Maasen K; Department of (Experimental) Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Walpot N; Department of (Experimental) Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., van Raalte DH; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Diabeter Centrum Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Nieuwdorp M; Department of (Experimental) Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Diabeter Centrum Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Soeters MR; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Hanssen NMJ; Department of (Experimental) Vascular and Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Diabeter Centrum Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Diabetologia [Diabetologia] 2024 Oct; Vol. 67 (10), pp. 2199-2209. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 05.
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06213-5
Abstrakt: Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this work was to investigate the association between macronutrient intakes and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: In 470 individuals with type 1 diabetes of the GUTDM1 cohort (65% female, median age 40 [IQR 28-53] years, median diabetes duration 15 [IQR 6-29] years), we used logistic regression to establish associations between macronutrient intakes and the CGM metrics time in range (TIR, time spent between 3.9-10.0 mmol/l blood glucose, optimally set at ≥70%) and time below range (TBR, <3.9 mmol/l blood glucose, optimally set at <4%). ORs were expressed per 1 SD intake of nutrient and were adjusted for other macronutrient intakes, age, sex, socioeconomic status, BMI, duration of type 1 diabetes, pump use, insulin dose and alcohol intake.
Results: The median (IQR) TIR was 67 (51-80)% and TBR was 2 (1-4)%; the mean ± SD energy intake was 6879±2001 kJ, fat intake 75±31 g, carbohydrate intake 162±63 g, fibre intake 20±9 g and protein intake 70±24 g. A higher fibre intake and a lower carbohydrate intake were associated with higher odds of having a TIR≥70% (OR [95% CI] 1.64 [1.22, 2.24] and 0.67 [0.51, 0.87], respectively), whereas solely a higher carbohydrate intake was associated with TBR<4% (OR 1.34 [95% CI 1.02, 1.78]).
Conclusions/interpretation: A higher fibre intake is independently associated with a higher TIR. A higher carbohydrate intake is associated with less time spent in hypoglycaemia, a lower TIR and a higher time above range. These findings warrant confirmatory (interventional) investigations and may impact current nutritional guidelines for type 1 diabetes.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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