Omega-3 polyunsatured fatty acids and physical performance across the lifespan: a narrative review.

Autor:	Azzolino D; Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy., Bertoni C; Department of Veterinary Sciences for Health, Animal Production and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy., De Cosmi V; Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità-Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy., Spolidoro GCI; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy., Agostoni C; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy., Lucchi T; Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy., Mazzocchi A; Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in nutrition [Front Nutr] 2024 Jun 20; Vol. 11, pp. 1414132. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 20 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fnut.2024.1414132
Abstrakt:	Background and Aims: Physical performance is a major contributor of mobility and independence during older life. Despite a progressive decline in musculoskeletal function starts from middle age, several factors acting during the life-course can negatively influence musculoskeletal functional capacities. Lifestyle interventions incorporating nutrition and physical exercise can help maximizing the muscle functional capacities in early life as well as preserving them later in life. Among various dietary compounds, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are gaining growing attention for their potential effects on muscle membrane composition and muscle function. Indeed, several pathways are enhanced, such as an attenuation of pro-inflammatory oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and reduction of insulin resistance. Methods: We performed a narrative review to explore the existing literature on the relationship between omega-3 PUFAs and physical performance across the life-course. Results: Growing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggests beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs on muscle function, including physical performance parameters in mid to later life. On the other hand, despite a direct association in early life is not available in literature, some mechanisms by which omega-3 PUFAs may contribute to improved adult physical performance could be hypothesized. Conclusion: Omega-3 PUFAs are gaining growing attention for their positive effect on muscle function parameters. The integration of physical function measures in future studies would be of great interest to explore whether omega-3 PUFAs could contribute to improved muscle function, starting from early life and extending throughout the lifespan. However, larger and high-quality RCTs are needed to fully elucidate the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs supplementation on muscle mass and function. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Azzolino, Bertoni, De Cosmi, Spolidoro, Agostoni, Lucchi and Mazzocchi.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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