The metabolic consequences of 'yo-yo' dieting are markedly influenced by genetic diversity.

Autor: Thillainadesan S; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia., Lambert A; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Cooke KC; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Stöckli J; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Yau B; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Masson SWC; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Howell A; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Potter M; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Fuller OK; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Jiang YL; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Kebede MA; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia., Morahan G; Australian Centre for Advancing Diabetes Innovations, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia., James DE; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. david.james@sydney.edu.au.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. david.james@sydney.edu.au.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. david.james@sydney.edu.au., Madsen S; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. soren.madsen@sydney.edu.au.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. soren.madsen@sydney.edu.au., Hocking SL; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. samantha.hocking@sydney.edu.au.; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia. samantha.hocking@sydney.edu.au.; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia. samantha.hocking@sydney.edu.au.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of obesity (2005) [Int J Obes (Lond)] 2024 Aug; Vol. 48 (8), pp. 1170-1179. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 03.
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01542-2
Abstrakt: Background: Weight loss can improve the metabolic complications of obesity. However, it is unclear whether insulin resistance persists despite weight loss and whether any protective benefits are preserved following weight regain (weight cycling). The impact of genetic background on weight cycling is undocumented. We aimed to investigate the effects of weight loss and weight cycling on metabolic outcomes and sought to clarify the role of genetics in this relationship.
Method: Both C57BL/6 J and genetically heterogeneous Diversity Outbred Australia (DOz) mice were alternately fed high fat Western-style diet (WD) and a chow diet at 8-week intervals. Metabolic measures including body composition, glucose tolerance, pancreatic beta cell activity, liver lipid levels and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity were determined.
Results: After diet switch from WD (8-week) to chow (8-week), C57BL/6 J mice displayed a rapid normalisation of body weight, adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, liver lipid levels and glucose uptake into adipose tissue comparable to chow-fed controls. In response to the same dietary intervention, genetically diverse DOz mice conversely maintained significantly higher fat mass and insulin levels compared to chow-fed controls and exhibited much more profound interindividual variability than C57BL/6 J mice. Weight cycled (WC) animals were re-exposed to WD (8-week) and compared to age-matched controls fed 8-week WD for the first time (LOb). In C57BL/6 J but not DOz mice, WC animals had significantly higher blood insulin levels than LOb controls. All WC animals exhibited significantly greater beta cell activity than LOb controls despite similar fat mass, glucose tolerance, liver lipid levels and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipose tissue.
Conclusion: Following weight loss, metabolic outcomes return to baseline in C57BL/6 J mice with obesity. However, genetic diversity significantly impacts this response. A period of weight loss does not provide lasting benefits after weight regain, and weight cycling is detrimental and associated with hyperinsulinemia and elevated basal insulin secretion.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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