The first complete genome of the extinct European wild ass (Equus hemionus hydruntinus).

Autor: Özkan M; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Gürün K; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Yüncü E; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Vural KB; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Atağ G; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Akbaba A; Department of Anthropology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.; Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey., Fidan FR; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.; Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK., Sağlıcan E; Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Altınışık EN; Department of Anthropology, Human_G Laboratory, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey., Koptekin D; Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Pawłowska K; Department of Palaeoenvironmental Research, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland., Hodder I; Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA., Adcock SE; Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, New York University, New York, New York, USA., Arbuckle BS; Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA., Steadman SR; Department of Sociology/Anthropology, SUNY Cortland, Cortland, New York, USA., McMahon G; Classics, Humanities and Italian Studies Department, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA., Erdal YS; Department of Anthropology, Human_G Laboratory, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey., Bilgin CC; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Togan İ; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Geigl EM; Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France., Götherström A; Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Grange T; Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France., Özer F; Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey., Somel M; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Molecular ecology [Mol Ecol] 2024 Jul; Vol. 33 (14), pp. e17440. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 01.
DOI: 10.1111/mec.17440
Abstrakt: We present palaeogenomes of three morphologically unidentified Anatolian equids dating to the first millennium BCE, sequenced to a coverage of 0.6-6.4×. Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of the Anatolian individuals clustered with those of Equus hydruntinus (or Equus hemionus hydruntinus), the extinct European wild ass, secular name 'hydruntine'. Further, the Anatolian wild ass whole genome profiles fell outside the genomic diversity of other extant and past Asiatic wild ass (E. hemionus) lineages. These observations suggest that the three Anatolian wild asses represent hydruntines, making them the latest recorded survivors of this lineage, about a millennium later than the latest observations in the zooarchaeological record. Our mitogenomic and genomic analyses indicate that E. h. hydruntinus was a clade belonging to ancient and present-day E. hemionus lineages that radiated possibly between 0.6 and 0.8 Mya. We also find evidence consistent with recent gene flow between hydruntines and Middle Eastern wild asses. Analyses of genome-wide heterozygosity and runs of homozygosity suggest that the Anatolian wild ass population may have lost genetic diversity by the mid-first millennium BCE, a possible sign of its eventual demise.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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