Association between indoor residual spraying and the malaria burden in Zambia and factors associated with IRS refusals: a case-control study in Vubwi District.

Autor: Zhang WX; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China., Zhou Y; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China., Tembo E; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Ministry of Health, Vubwi District, Lusaka, Zambia., Du J; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China., Zhang SS; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China., Wei TT; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China., Liu YQ; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China., Wang C; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China., Zulu R; National Malaria Elimination Centre, Lusaka, Zambia., Hamainza B; National Malaria Elimination Centre, Lusaka, Zambia., Cui F; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China. cuifuq@bjmu.edu.cn.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. cuifuq@bjmu.edu.cn.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China. cuifuq@bjmu.edu.cn.; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. cuifuq@bjmu.edu.cn.; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. cuifuq@bjmu.edu.cn., Lu QB; Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xue-Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China. qingbinlu@bjmu.edu.cn.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. qingbinlu@bjmu.edu.cn.; Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China. qingbinlu@bjmu.edu.cn.; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. qingbinlu@bjmu.edu.cn.; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. qingbinlu@bjmu.edu.cn.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Parasites & vectors [Parasit Vectors] 2024 Jun 27; Vol. 17 (1), pp. 274. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 27.
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06328-z
Abstrakt: Background: Indoor residual spraying (IRS) has been implemented to prevent malaria in Zambia for several decades, but its effectiveness has not been evaluated long term and in Vubwi District yet. This study aimed to assess the association between IRS and the malaria burden in Zambia and Vubwi District and to explore the factors associated with refusing IRS.
Methods: A retrospective study was used to analyze the association between IRS and malaria incidence in Zambia in 2001-2020 and in Vubwi District in 2014-2020 by Spearman correlation analysis. A case-control study was used to explore the factors associated with IRS refusals by households in Vubwi District in 2021. A logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with IRS refusals.
Results: The malaria incidence reached its peak (391/1000) in 2001 and dropped to the lowest (154/1000) in 2019. The annual percentage change in 2001-2003, 2003-2008, 2008-2014, 2014-2018 and 2018-2020 was - 6.54%, - 13.24%, 5.04%, - 10.28% and 18.61%, respectively. A significantly negative correlation between the percentage of population protected by the IRS against the total population in Zambia (coverage) and the average malaria incidence in the whole population was observed in 2005-2020 (r = - 0.685, P = 0.003) and 2005-2019 (r = - 0.818, P < 0.001). Among 264 participants (59 in the refuser group and 205 in the acceptor group), participants with specific occupations (self-employed: OR 0.089, 95% CI 0.022-0.364; gold panning: OR 0.113, 95% CI 0.022-0.574; housewives: OR 0.129, 95% CI 0.026-0.628 and farmers: OR 0.135, 95% CI 0.030-0.608 compared to employees) and no malaria case among household members (OR 0.167; 95% CI 0.071-0.394) had a lower risk of refusing IRS implementation, while those with a secondary education level (OR 3.690, 95% CI 1.245-10.989) had a higher risk of refusing IRS implementation compared to those who had never been to school.
Conclusions: Increasing coverage with IRS was associated with decreasing incidence of malaria in Zambia, though this was not observed in Vubwi District, possibly because of the special geographical location of Vubwi District. Interpersonal communication and targeted health education should be implemented at full scale to ensure household awareness and gain community trust.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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