Exposure to airborne particulate matter during commuting using portable sensors: Effects of transport modes in a French metropolis study case.

Autor: Ramel-Delobel M; Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), UMR5509, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collonge, 69130 Ecully, France; Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France; INSERM UMR1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Ministère des Armées, Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), 69008 Lyon, France. Electronic address: marie.ramel-delobel@lyon.unicancer.fr., Peruzzi C; Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), UMR5509, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collonge, 69130 Ecully, France., Coudon T; Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France; INSERM UMR1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Ministère des Armées, Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), 69008 Lyon, France., De Vito S; Italian National Agency for New Technologies (ENEA), Division for Photovoltaic and Smart Devices (TERIN-FSD), Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy., Fattoruso G; Italian National Agency for New Technologies (ENEA), Division for Photovoltaic and Smart Devices (TERIN-FSD), Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy., Praud D; Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France; INSERM UMR1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Ministère des Armées, Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), 69008 Lyon, France., Fervers B; Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France; INSERM UMR1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Ministère des Armées, Service de Santé des Armées (SSA), 69008 Lyon, France., Salizzoni P; Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), UMR5509, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collonge, 69130 Ecully, France; Department of Environmental, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin (TO), Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental management [J Environ Manage] 2024 Aug; Vol. 365, pp. 121400. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 26.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121400
Abstrakt: Outdoor exposure to particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) in urban areas can vary considerably depending on the mode of transport. This study aims to quantify this difference in exposure during daily travel, by carrying out a micro-sensor measurement campaign. The pollutant exposure was assessed simultaneously over predefined routes in order to allow comparison between different transport modes having the same starting and ending points. During the six-week measurement campaign, the average reference values for PM background concentrations were 13.72 and 17.92μg/m 3 for the PM 2.5 and PM 10 , respectively. The results revealed that the mode with the highest exposure to PM 2.5 adjusted to background concentration (PM 2.5Norm ) was the bus (1.65) followed by metro (1.51), walking (1.33), tramway (1.31), car (1.09) and finally the bike (1.06). For PM 10Norm , the tramway had the highest exposure (1.86), followed by walking (1.68), metro (1.65), bus (1.61), bike (1.43) and finally the car (1.39). The level of urbanization around the route and the presence of preferential lanes for public transportation influenced the concentration to which commuters were exposed. For the active modes (bike and walking), we observed frequent variations in concentrations during the trip, characterized by punctual peaks in concentration, depending on the local characteristics of road traffic and urban morphology. Fluctuations in particulate matter inside public transport vehicles were partly explained by the opening and closing of doors during stops, as well as the passenger flows, influencing the re-suspension of particles. The car was one of the least exposed modes overall, with the lowest concentration variability, although these concentrations can vary greatly depending on the ventilation parameters used. These results encourage measures to move the most exposed users away from road traffic, by developing a network of lanes entirely dedicated to cycling and walking, particularly in densely populated areas, as well as encouraging the renewal of motorized vehicles to use less polluting fuels with efficient ventilation systems.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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