Ongoing transmission of lymphatic filariasis in Samoa 4.5 years after one round of triple-drug mass drug administration.

Autor: Mayfield HJ; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Sartorius B; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Sheridan S; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Howlett M; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Martin BM; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Thomsen R; Samoa Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa., Tofaeono-Pifeleti R; School of Medicine, National University of Samoa, Apia, Samoa., Viali S; School of Medicine, National University of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Oceania University of Medicine Samoa, Apia, Samoa., Graves PM; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia., Lau CL; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2024 Jun 27; Vol. 18 (6), pp. e0012236. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 27 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012236
Abstrakt: Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) remains a significant global issue. To eliminate LF as a public health problem, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA). In certain scenarios, including when elimination targets have not been met with two-drug MDA, triple-drug MDA (using ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine and albendazole) is recommended. In this study, we report on antigen (Ag) and microfilaria (Mf) prevalence in eight primary sampling units (PSUs) in Samoa 4.5 years after one round of triple-drug MDA.
Methodology: In 2023, community surveys were conducted in eight PSUs that had been surveyed previously in 2018 (between 1.5 and 3.5 months post triple-drug MDA) and 2019 (six to eight-months post triple-drug MDA). Fifteen houses were randomly selected in each PSU with household members aged ≥ 5 years invited to participate. Blood samples were tested for Ag and Mf.
Principal Findings: Ag-positive participants were observed in six of the eight PSUs, and Ag prevalence was significantly above the 1% threshold in four PSUs. The presence of Mf-positive participants in five PSUs confirms the presence of residual active infections.
Conclusions/significance: This study provides evidence of persistent LF transmission in Samoa 4.5 years after one round of triple-drug MDA, confirming that one round was insufficient for interruption of transmission in this setting. Our findings highlight the negative impact of delaying MDA rounds, for example, due to public health emergencies.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Mayfield et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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