Temporal analysis of prevalence and antibiotic-resistance patterns in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates in a 19-year retrospective study.

Autor: AlFonaisan MK; Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.BOX 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Faculty Member, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.; Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Mubaraki MA; Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Althawadi SI; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Obeid DA; Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al-Qahtani AA; Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.BOX 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Almaghrabi RS; Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alhamlan FS; Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.BOX 3354, 11211, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. falhamlan@kfshrc.edu.sa.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. falhamlan@kfshrc.edu.sa.; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. falhamlan@kfshrc.edu.sa.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Jun 24; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 14459. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 24.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65509-z
Abstrakt: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nonfermenting gram-negative bacterium associated with multiple nosocomial outbreaks. Antibiotic resistance increases healthcare costs, disease severity, and mortality. Multidrug-resistant infections (such as S. maltophilia infection) are difficult to treat with conventional antimicrobials. This study aimed to investigate the isolation rates, and resistance trends of S. maltophilia infections over the past 19 years, and provide future projections until 2030. In total, 4466 patients with S. maltophilia infection were identified. The adult and main surgical intensive care unit (ICU) had the highest numbers of patients (32.2%), followed by the cardiology department (29.8%), and the paediatric ICU (10%). The prevalence of S. maltophilia isolation increased from 7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.3-7.7%] in 2004-2007 to 15% [95% CI 10.7-19.9%] in 2020-2022. Most S. maltophilia isolates were resistant to ceftazidime (72.5%), levofloxacin (56%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (14.05%), according to our study. A consistent and significant difference was found between S. maltophilia-positive ICU patients and non-ICU patients (P = 0.0017) during the three-year pandemic of COVID-19 (2019-2021). The prevalence of S. maltophilia isolates is expected to reach 15.08% [95% CI 12.58-17.59%] by 2030. Swift global action is needed to address this growing issue; healthcare authorities must set priorities and monitor infection escalations and treatment shortages.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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