Metabolic and microbial mechanisms related to the effects of dietary wheat levels on intramuscular fat content in finishing pigs.

Autor: Wang J; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China., Zhu H; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China., Li H; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China., Xia S; Anyou Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, China., Zhang F; Anyou Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, China., Liu C; Anyou Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, China., Zheng W; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China., Yao W; College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China. Electronic address: yaowen67jp@njau.edu.cn.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Meat science [Meat Sci] 2024 Oct; Vol. 216, pp. 109574. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 20.
DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109574
Abstrakt: The current study aimed to investigate the metabolic and microbial mechanisms behind the effects of dietary wheat levels on intramuscular fat (IMF) content in the psoas major muscle (PM) of finishing pigs. Thirty-six barrows were arbitrarily assigned to two groups and fed with diets containing 25% or 55% wheat. Enhancing dietary wheat levels led to low energy states, resulting in reduced IMF content. This coincided with reduced serum glucose and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The AMP-activated protein kinase α2/sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α pathway may be activated by high-wheat diets, causing downregulation of adipogenesis and lipogenesis genes, and upregulation of lipolysis and gluconeogenesis genes. High-wheat diets decreased relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Coprococcus, whereas increased SMB53 proportion, subsequently decreasing colonic propionate content. Microbial glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, d-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, flagellar assembly, and caprolactam degradation were linked to IMF content. Metabolomic analysis indicated that enhancing dietary wheat levels promoted the protein digestion and absorption and affected amino acids and lipid metabolism. Enhancing dietary wheat levels reduced serum glucose and colonic propionate content, coupled with strengthened amino acid metabolism, contributing to the low energy states. Furthermore, alterations in microbial composition and propionate resulted from high-wheat diets were associated with primary bile acid biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, as well as IMF content. Colonic microbiota played a role in reducing IMF content through modulating the propionate-mediated peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor signaling pathway. In conclusion, body energy and gut microbiota balance collectively influenced lipid metabolism.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors would like to thank Prof. Honglin Jiang from Virginia Tech for proving kindly suggestion and modifications of the manuscript, Mingzheng Liu from The Academy for Cell and Life Health, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology and Chengwan Zha from China Agricultural University for proving kindly guidance on data analysis.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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