Detection of hepatitis viruses in suspected cases of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers in Nigeria.

Autor: Salu OB; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria.; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Akinbamiro TF; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Orenolu RM; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Ishaya OD; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Anyanwu RA; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Vitowanu OR; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Abdullah MA; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Olowoyeye AH; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Tijani SO; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Oyedeji KS; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria.; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria., Omilabu SA; Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria.; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Jun 21; Vol. 19 (6), pp. e0305521. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 21 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305521
Abstrakt: There have been several Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) outbreaks in Nigeria which remains a public health concern. Despite the increasing number of suspected cases of VHF due to heightened surveillance activities and growing awareness, only a few cases are laboratory-confirmed to be VHF. Routinely, these samples are only tested for Lassa virus and Yellow fever virus with occasional testing for Dengue virus when indicated. The aetiology of the disease in these VHF suspected cases in Nigeria which are negative for Lassa, Yellow fever and Dengue viruses remains a puzzle. Since the clinical features exhibited by suspected VHF cases are like other endemic illnesses such as Hepatitis, there is a need to investigate the diversity and co-infections of hepatitis viruses as differentials and possible co-morbidity in suspected cases of VHFs in Nigeria. A total of three hundred and fifty (350) blood samples of 212 (60.6%) males and 138 (39.4%) females, aged <1-70 years with a mean age of 25 ±14.5, suspected of VHFs and tested negative for Lassa, Yellow fever and Dengue viruses were investigated for Hepatitis A, B, C and E viruses at the Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology (CHAZVY), College of Medicine, University of Lagos (CMUL) using serologic and molecular techniques. The serologic analysis of these VHF suspected cases samples revealed that 126 (36%) were positive for at least one hepatitis virus. Individual prevalence for each of the hepatitis virus screened for showed that 37 (10.6%), 18 (5.1%) and 71 (20.3%) were positive for HBV, HCV and HEV respectively. All the samples were negative for HAV. A co-infection rate of 11.9% was also observed, with HCV/HEV co-infections being the most prevalent and the Northern region having the greatest burden of infection. The evidence of hepatitis virus infections in suspected cases of VHF was documented. Thus, their associations as co-morbidities and/or mortalities in this category of individuals require further investigations in endemic countries such as Nigeria. Therefore, the possible inclusion of screening for hepatitis viruses and other aetiologic agents that could mimic infections in suspected cases of VHFs in Nigeria should be thoroughly evaluated to guide informed policy on the diagnosis and management of these cases.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Salu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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