| Autor: |
Jackson N; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada., Cecchi D; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada., Beckham W; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.; British Columbia Cancer-Victoria, Victoria, BC V8R 6V5, Canada., Chithrani DB; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.; Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.; Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, Okanagan Campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. |
| Abstrakt: |
Radiotherapy is an essential component of the treatment regimens for many cancer patients. Despite recent technological advancements to improve dose delivery techniques, the dose escalation required to enhance tumor control is limited due to the inevitable toxicity to the surrounding healthy tissue. Therefore, the local enhancement of dosing in tumor sites can provide the necessary means to improve the treatment modality. In recent years, the emergence of nanotechnology has facilitated a unique opportunity to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy treatment. The application of high-atomic-number (Z) nanoparticles (NPs) can augment the effects of radiotherapy by increasing the sensitivity of cells to radiation. High-Z NPs can inherently act as radiosensitizers as well as serve as targeted delivery vehicles for radiosensitizing agents. In this work, the therapeutic benefits of high-Z NPs as radiosensitizers, such as their tumor-targeting capabilities and their mechanisms of sensitization, are discussed. Preclinical data supporting their application in radiotherapy treatment as well as the status of their clinical translation will be presented. |
