Syzygium aromaticum essential oil and its major constituents: Assessment of activity against Candida spp. and toxicity.

Autor: Vasconcelos PGS; Department of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil., Abuna GF; Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America., Raimundo E Silva JP; Multi-User Laboratory for Characterization and Analysis, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil., Tavares JF; Multi-User Laboratory for Characterization and Analysis, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil., Costa EMMB; Department of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil., Murata RM; Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Jun 18; Vol. 19 (6), pp. e0305405. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 18 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305405
Abstrakt: Syzigium aromaticum essential oil (EO), eugenol, and β-caryophyllene were evaluated regarding antifungal, antibiofilm, and in vitro toxicity. Additionally, in vivo toxicity of EO was observed. Anti-Candida activity was assessed through broth microdilution assay for all compounds. Time-kill assay (0, 1, 10, 30 min, 1, 2, and 4 h) was used to determine the influence of EO and eugenol on Candida Growth kinetics. Thereafter, both compounds were evaluated regarding their capacity to act on a biofilm formation and on mature biofilm, based on CFU/ml/g of dry weight. Cell Titer Blue Viability Assay was used for in vitro cytotoxicity, using oral epithelial cells (TR146) and human monocytes (THP-1). Lastly, Galleria mellonella model defined the EO in vivo acute toxicity. All compounds, except β-cariofilene (MIC > 8000 μg/ml), presented antifungal activity against Candida strains (MIC 500-1000 μg/ml). The growth kinetics of Candida was affected by the EO (5xMIC 30 min onward; 10xMIC 10 min onward) and eugenol (5xMIC 10 min onward; 10xMIC 1 min onward). Fungal viability was also affected by 5xMIC and 10xMIC of both compounds during biofilm formation and upon mature biofilms. LD50 was defined for TR146 and THP1 cells at, respectively, 59.37 and 79.54 μg/ml for the EO and 55.35 and 84.16 μg/ml for eugenol. No sign of toxicity was seen in vivo up to 10mg/ml (20 x MIC) for the EO. S. aromaticum and eugenol presented antifungal and antibiofilm activity, with action on cell growth kinetics. In vivo acute toxicity showed a safe parameter for the EO up to 10 mg/ml.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Vasconcelos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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