Prevalence of Oropharyngeal Candidiasis and distribution of Candida species among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor: Musinguzi B; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muni University, Arua, Uganda., Obuku EA; Africa Centre for Systematic Reviews and Knowledge Translation, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Kinengyere AA; Sir Albert Cook Medical Library, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala Uganda., Ndagire R; Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Baguma A; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda., Mwesigwa A; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda., Itabangi H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda., Mboowa G; African Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Intensive, Sciences, the Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Sande OJ; Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Achan B; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Research square [Res Sq] 2024 Jun 06. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 06.
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4534730/v1
Abstrakt: Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Africa is on the rise. Oropharyngeal candidiasis is mainly caused by C.albicans ; however, a shift in the etiology towards non- Candida albicans species is increasing. In addition, there are variations in the epidemiological distribution of Candida species causing oropharyngeal candidiasis among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Africa.
Objective: This review aimed to determine the prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis and the distribution of Candida species among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Africa.
Materials and Methods: This systematic review protocol was registered in the base PROSPERO database prior to its conduct (CRD42021254473). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol guidelines (PRISMA-P) were followed for this study. The PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE databases were searched to identify published studies published between 1 st January 2000 and 8 th October 2022. The eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis and analyzed using a random effects model. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool for prevalence studies.
Results: The database search yielded 370 titles from PubMed (n=192), EMBASE (n=162) and SCOPUS (n=16). Fourteen studies with a total of 3,863 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of oropharyngeal candidiasis was 49.0% (95% CI: 37% - 62%). A total of 2,688 Candida isolates were reported; approximately 76.6% (n=2,060) were C. albicans , and 21.7% (n=582) were non- C. albicans . Among the non- Candida albicans species, C . glabrata was the most common isolate (29.6%), followed by C . tropicalis (27.7%), C . krusei (17.0%), C . parapsilosis (8.1%) and C . dubliniensis (5.2%). Out of 14 studies, 7 (50.0%) had a low risk of bias, 5 (35.7%) had a moderate risk of bias, and 2 (14.3%) had a high risk of bias.
Conclusion: Almost half of people living with HIV in Africa have oropharyngeal candidiasis, and C. albicans remains the most frequent cause of oropharyngeal candidiasis.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing interests The author(s) declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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