Ocular diagnostics, ophthalmic findings, and conjunctival microbiome in the Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis).

Autor: Bowden AC; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA., Allbaugh RA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA., Gall AJ; Blank Park Zoo, Des Moines, Iowa, USA., Costa MO; Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Population Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands., Leis M; Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada., Sebbag L; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.; Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary ophthalmology [Vet Ophthalmol] 2024 Jun 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 16.
DOI: 10.1111/vop.13242
Abstrakt: Objective: To establish normative data for selected ocular diagnostic tests and commensal conjunctival microflora and describe the incidence of ocular pathology in Chilean flamingos.
Animals Studied: A total of 41 Chilean flamingos were examined at the Blank Park Zoo in Des Moines, Iowa.
Procedures: In 20 flamingos, blink rate was assessed undisturbed in their exhibit, then gentle manual restraint was used to assess palpebral fissure length (PFL), aqueous tear production (phenol red thread test [PRTT] in one eye, endodontic absorbent paper point tear test [EAPPTT] in the other), intraocular pressure (IOP; rebound tonometry), and fluorescein staining. Twenty-one other flamingos were brought to a darkened area for neuro-ophthalmic examination, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Swabs from seven flamingos were used for ocular microbiome evaluation.
Results: Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation (range). Flamingos comprised 23 females/18 males, aged 11 ± 9.1 (0.7-40) years. Test results: blink rate, 3.7 ± 2 (1-9) blinks/min; PFL, 11.2 ± 1.2 (9-14) mm; IOP, 14 ± 3.2 (10-22) mmHg; EAPPT, 10.2 ± 2.8 (9-14) mm/min; PRTT, 6.8 ± 2.5 (3-13) mm/15 s. Dazzle reflex was positive in four birds examined. Pathologies included cataracts (n = 7 birds), corneal fibrosis (n = 3), endothelial pigment (n = 2), uveal cysts (n = 1), lens luxation (n = 1), and uveitis (n = 1). Ocular microbiome showed high diversity of taxa.
Conclusions: Baseline ocular parameters and incidence of ophthalmic pathology assist veterinarians with disease screening for Chilean flamingos, while the ocular microbiome showed high diversity.
(© 2024 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: