Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in companion dogs, domestic livestock and wildlife in the Jordan Basin, Israel.

Autor: Arussi D; Department of Animal Sciences, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel., Salant H; Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel., Rojas A; Laboratory of Helminthology, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica., Dvir E; Department of Animal Sciences, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel. Electronic address: edvir2000@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports [Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports] 2024 Jul; Vol. 52, pp. 101042. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 21.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101042
Abstrakt: Giardiasis is a small intestinal disease caused by the zoonotic parasite, Giardia duodenalis. This study presents the molecular findings of G. duodenalis infection in companion dogs, domestic livestock and wildlife in the Northern Jordan Basin, Israel. Identification of G. duodenalis was accomplished by nested PCR (nPCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene. Samples were collected from water (five samples from four sources of which one was recycled water), as well as feces from wolves (Canis lupus) (n = 34), jackals (Canis aureus) (n = 24), wild boars (Sus scrofa) (n = 40), cattle (Bos taurus) (n = 40), dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) (n = 37) and nutria (Mayocastor coypus) (n = 100). All positive samples were sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was drawn using the Bayesian Inference (BI) algorithm. Differences in G. duodenalis prevalence between the different hosts were analyzed by Pearson's chi-square (p < 0.05). Of the total 275 fecal samples, 36 were positive for G. duodenalis (13%). Frequency rates among different animal species was highest in wolves (32.3%), whilst rates in wild boars (22.5%), dogs (16.2%), cattle (12.5%) and jackals (4.2%), were observed to be significantly lower (p < 0.001). Three out of 5 recycled water (RW) samples were G. duodenalis positive. Three clusters with high posterior probabilities (PP) were found in the BI: Cluster 1: samples from wolves, wild boars, water and cattle together with database sequences of assemblages A, B and F, Cluster 2: samples from dogs, nutria and a jackal with sequences from assemblage D and Cluster 3: samples from cattle, wild boars, wolves and dogs with sequences from assemblage C and D. We suggest that wolves serve as reservoirs of G. duodenalis in this region. The finding of Giardia in RW suggests that this vehicle may further contaminate crops intended for human consumption as this water source is used for agricultural irrigation.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Eran Dvir reports financial support and administrative support were provided by Tel-Hai College. Eran Dvir reports a relationship with Tel-Hai College that includes: employment
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Databáze: MEDLINE
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