Validation of the questionnaire of olfactory disorders (QOD) for the Brazilian population.

Autor:	Bernardino ABCDS; Health Sciences Center of the Universidade de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Electronic address: amanda.beatriz@uel.br., Barreto-Filho MA; Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil., Pompeu AS; Health Sciences Center of the Universidade de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil., Andrade JDS; Health Sciences Center of the Universidade de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil., Azevedo ACA; Section of Otorhinolaryngology at Hospital Santa Izabel, Salvador, BA, Brazil., Brasil MQA; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil., Cedro M; Section of Otorhinolaryngology at Hospital Santa Izabel, Salvador, BA, Brazil., Araújo C; Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil., Andrade N; Section of Otorhinolaryngology at Hospital Santa Izabel, Salvador, BA, Brazil., Akrami K; University of California, San Diego, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA., Scussiatto HO; Department of Surgery, University of Illinois - Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA., Boaventura VS; Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil., Fornazieri MA; Health Sciences Center of the Universidade de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Smell and Taste Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) [Clinics (Sao Paulo)] 2024 Jun 14; Vol. 79, pp. 100414. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 14 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100414
Abstrakt:	Background: The incidence of olfactory disorders has increased in recent years, mainly related to COVID-19 infection. In Brazil, over 37 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported, and approximately 10 % of those cases continue to experience olfactory disorders for more than one month. Despite the significant negative impact on well-being, there is currently no validated instrument to assess how olfactory disorders impact the quality of life in Brazil. Objectives: This study aimed to validate the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) for Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: The authors first performed translation, back-translation, expert review, pre-testing, psychometric evaluation and cultural adaptation of the English version of the questionnaire. To assure linguistic and conceptual equivalence of the translated questionnaire, 126 participants from two Brazilian states and varying degrees of olfactory loss answered the QOD and the World Health Organization Quality of Life bref (WHOQOL-bref) questionnaires. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT®) was used to quantify the olfactory loss. Furthermore, to evaluate the reliability of the Portuguese version a test-retest was performed on a subgroup of patients. The authors observed a high Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.86) for internal consistency of the quality of Life (QOD-QOL) statements. Findings: As expected, there was a negative correlation between QOD-QOL and UPSIT® (Spearman's ρ = -0.275, p = 0.002), since QOL score increases and UPSIT® score decreases with worsening of olfactory function. Correlations were moderate between QOD-QOL and WHOQOL-bref mean (Spearman's ρ = -0.374, p < 0.001) and weak to moderate between the QOD-QOL and Visual Analog Scale of the QOD regarding professional life, leisure, and private life (Spearman's ρ = -0.316, p = 0.000; Spearman's ρ = -0.293, p = 0.001; Spearman's ρ = -0.261, p = 0.004; respectively). Conclusion: In conclusion, the authors have demonstrated a high internal consistency and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the QOD for evaluating the quality of life in individuals with olfactory disorders. Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors have no personal or financial affiliations that could compromise the objectivity or integrity of the information presented in this study. This article follows the STROBE statement (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). (Copyright © 2024 HCFMUSP. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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