Molecular and functional mapping of the neuroendocrine hypothalamus: a new era begins.

Autor: Lee TH; University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33000, Bordeaux, France., Nicolas JC; University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33000, Bordeaux, France., Quarta C; University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33000, Bordeaux, France. carmelo.quarta@inserm.fr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of endocrinological investigation [J Endocrinol Invest] 2024 Nov; Vol. 47 (11), pp. 2627-2648. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 15.
DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02411-5
Abstrakt: Background: Recent advances in neuroscience tools for single-cell molecular profiling of brain neurons have revealed an enormous spectrum of neuronal subpopulations within the neuroendocrine hypothalamus, highlighting the remarkable molecular and cellular heterogeneity of this brain area.
Rationale: Neuronal diversity in the hypothalamus reflects the high functional plasticity of this brain area, where multiple neuronal populations flexibly integrate a variety of physiological outputs, including energy balance, stress and fertility, through crosstalk mechanisms with peripheral hormones. Intrinsic functional heterogeneity is also observed within classically 'defined' subpopulations of neuroendocrine neurons, including subtypes with distinct neurochemical signatures, spatial organisation and responsiveness to hormonal cues.
Aim: The aim of this review is to critically evaluate past and current research on the functional diversity of hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons and their plasticity. It focuses on how this neuronal plasticity in this brain area relates to metabolic control, feeding regulation and interactions with stress and fertility-related neural circuits.
Conclusion: Our analysis provides an original framework for improving our understanding of the hypothalamic regulation of hormone function and the development of neuroendocrine diseases.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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