Lipophorin: The Lipid Shuttle.
| Autor: | Gondim KC; Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. katia@bioqmed.ufrj.br., Majerowicz D; Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. majerowicz@pharma.ufrj.br. |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Advances in experimental medicine and biology [Adv Exp Med Biol] 2024 Jun 15. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 15. |
| DOI: | 10.1007/5584_2024_806 |
| Abstrakt: | Insects need to transport lipids through the aqueous medium of the hemolymph to the organs in demand, after they are absorbed by the intestine or mobilized from the lipid-producing organs. Lipophorin is a lipoprotein present in insect hemolymph, and is responsible for this function. A single gene encodes an apolipoprotein that is cleaved to generate apolipophorin I and II. These are the essential protein constituents of lipophorin. In some physiological conditions, a third apolipoprotein of different origin may be present. In most insects, lipophorin transports mainly diacylglycerol and hydrocarbons, in addition to phospholipids. The fat body synthesizes and secretes lipophorin into the hemolymph, and several signals, such as nutritional, endocrine, or external agents, can regulate this process. However, the main characteristic of lipophorin is the fact that it acts as a reusable shuttle, distributing lipids between organs without being endocytosed or degraded in this process. Lipophorin interacts with tissues through specific receptors of the LDL receptor superfamily, although more recent results have shown that other proteins may also be involved. In this chapter, we describe the lipophorin structure in terms of proteins and lipids, in addition to reviewing what is known about lipoprotein synthesis and regulation. In addition, we reviewed the results investigating lipophorin's function in the movement of lipids between organs and the function of lipophorin receptors in this process. (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|