Vectorial drivers of malaria transmission in Jabi Tehnan district, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.

Autor: Belay AK; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X0028, Pretoria, South Africa., Asale A; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Sole CL; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X0028, Pretoria, South Africa., Kinya F; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya., Yusuf AA; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X0028, Pretoria, South Africa., Torto B; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X0028, Pretoria, South Africa., Mutero CM; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.; School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X0028, Pretoria, South Africa., Tchouassi DP; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. dtchouassi@icipe.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Jun 13; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 13669. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 13.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64436-3
Abstrakt: Among the factors affecting the effectiveness of malaria control is poor knowledge of the entomologic drivers of the disease. We investigated anopheline populations as part of a baseline study to implement house screening of windows and doors as a supplementary malaria control tool towards elimination in Jabi Tehnan district, Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia. The samples were surveyed monthly using CDC light traps between June 2020 and May 2021. Mosquito trap density (< 3 mosquitoes/trap) was low, however, with a high overall Plasmodium sporozoite rate (9%; indoor = 4.3%, outdoor = 13.1%) comprising P. falciparum (88.9%) and P. vivax (11.1%). Anopheles gambiae s.l., mostly An. arabiensis, comprised > 80% of total anopheline captures and contributed ~ 42% of Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes. On the other hand, morphologically scored Anopheles funestus s.l., constituting about 6% of anopheline collections, accounted for 50% of sporozoite-infected mosquitoes. Most of the infected An. funestus s.l. specimens (86.7%) were grouped with previously unknown or undescribed Anopheles species previously implicated as a cryptic malaria vector in the western Kenyan highlands, confirming its wider geographic distribution in eastern Africa. Other species with Plasmodium infection included An. longipalpis C, An. theileri, An. demillioni, and An. nili. Cumulatively, 77.8% of the infected mosquitoes occurred outdoors. These results suggest efficient malaria parasite transmission despite the low vector densities, which has implications for effective endpoint indicators to monitor malaria control progress. Additionally, the largely outdoor infection and discovery of previously unknown and cryptic vectors suggest an increased risk of residual malaria transmission and, thus, a constraint on effective malaria prevention and control.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje