Performance Characteristics of the NeuroEXPLORER, a Next-Generation Human Brain PET/CT Imager.

Autor:	Li H; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas., Badawi RD; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Cherry SR; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Fontaine K; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., He L; United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China., Henry S; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Hillmer AT; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Hu L; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas., Khattar N; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Leung EK; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas.; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Li T; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas.; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Li Y; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas., Liu C; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Liu P; United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China., Lu Z; United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China., Majewski S; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Matuskey D; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Morris ED; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Mulnix T; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Omidvari N; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Samanta S; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas., Selfridge A; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas.; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Sun X; United Imaging Healthcare North America, Houston, Texas., Toyonaga T; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Volpi T; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Zeng T; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and., Jones T; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Qi J; University of California, Davis, Davis, California., Carson RE; Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; and richard.carson@yale.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine [J Nucl Med] 2024 Aug 01; Vol. 65 (8), pp. 1320-1326. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 01.
DOI:	10.2967/jnumed.124.267767
Abstrakt:	The collaboration of Yale, the University of California, Davis, and United Imaging Healthcare has successfully developed the NeuroEXPLORER, a dedicated human brain PET imager with high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, and a built-in 3-dimensional camera for markerless continuous motion tracking. It has high depth-of-interaction and time-of-flight resolutions, along with a 52.4-cm transverse field of view (FOV) and an extended axial FOV (49.5 cm) to enhance sensitivity. Here, we present the physical characterization, performance evaluation, and first human images of the NeuroEXPLORER. Methods: Measurements of spatial resolution, sensitivity, count rate performance, energy and timing resolution, and image quality were performed adhering to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 2-2018 standard. The system's performance was demonstrated through imaging studies of the Hoffman 3-dimensional brain phantom and the mini-Derenzo phantom. Initial 18 F-FDG images from a healthy volunteer are presented. Results: With filtered backprojection reconstruction, the radial and tangential spatial resolutions (full width at half maximum) averaged 1.64, 2.06, and 2.51 mm, with axial resolutions of 2.73, 2.89, and 2.93 mm for radial offsets of 1, 10, and 20 cm, respectively. The average time-of-flight resolution was 236 ps, and the energy resolution was 10.5%. NEMA sensitivities were 46.0 and 47.6 kcps/MBq at the center and 10-cm offset, respectively. A sensitivity of 11.8% was achieved at the FOV center. The peak noise-equivalent count rate was 1.31 Mcps at 58.0 kBq/mL, and the scatter fraction at 5.3 kBq/mL was 36.5%. The maximum count rate error at the peak noise-equivalent count rate was less than 5%. At 3 iterations, the NEMA image-quality contrast recovery coefficients varied from 74.5% (10-mm sphere) to 92.6% (37-mm sphere), and background variability ranged from 3.1% to 1.4% at a contrast of 4.0:1. An example human brain 18 F-FDG image exhibited very high resolution, capturing intricate details in the cortex and subcortical structures. Conclusion: The NeuroEXPLORER offers high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. With its long axial length, it also enables high-quality spinal cord imaging and image-derived input functions from the carotid arteries. These performance enhancements will substantially broaden the range of human brain PET paradigms, protocols, and thereby clinical research applications. (© 2024 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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