Macronutrient-differential dietary pattern impacts on body weight, hepatic inflammation, and metabolism.

Autor:	Li YY; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States.; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Madduri SS; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States.; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Rezeli ET; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Santos C; Animal Studies Core Lab, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Freeman Iii H; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States., Peng J; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., McRitchie SL; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States.; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Pathmasiri W; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States.; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Hursting SD; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States.; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Sumner SJ; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States.; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Stewart DA; Metabolomics and Exposome Laboratory, Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, United States.; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in nutrition [Front Nutr] 2024 May 29; Vol. 11, pp. 1356038. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 29 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fnut.2024.1356038
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Obesity is a multi-factorial disease frequently associated with poor nutritional habits and linked to many detrimental health outcomes. Individuals with obesity are more likely to have increased levels of persistent inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation. The goal of this study was to compare four dietary patterns differentiated by macronutrient content in a postmenopausal model. Dietary patterns were high carbohydrate (HC), high fat (HF), high carbohydrate plus high fat (HCHF), and high protein (HP) with higher fiber. Methods: Changes in body weight and glucose levels were measured in female, ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice after 15 weeks of feeding. One group of five mice fed the HCHF diet was crossed over to the HP diet on day 84, modeling a 21-day intervention. In a follow-up study comparing the HCHF versus HP dietary patterns, systemic changes in inflammation, using an 80-cytokine array and metabolism, by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS)-based metabolomics were evaluated. Results: Only the HF and HCHF diets resulted in obesity, shown by significant differences in body weights compared to the HP diet. Body weight gains during the two-diet follow-up study were consistent with the four-diet study. On Day 105 of the 4-diet study, glucose levels were significantly lower for mice fed the HP diet than for those fed the HC and HF diets. Mice switched from the HCHF to the HP diet lost an average of 3.7 grams by the end of the 21-day intervention, but this corresponded with decreased food consumption. The HCHF pattern resulted in dramatic inflammatory dysregulation, as all 80 cytokines were elevated significantly in the livers of these mice after 15 weeks of HCHF diet exposure. Comparatively, only 32 markers changed significantly on the HP diet (24 up, 8 down). Metabolic perturbations in several endogenous biological pathways were also observed based on macronutrient differences and revealed dysfunction in several nutritionally relevant biosynthetic pathways. Conclusion: Overall, the HCHF diet promoted detrimental impacts and changes linked to several diseases, including arthritis or breast neoplasms. Identification of dietary pattern-specific impacts in this model provides a means to monitor the effects of disease risk and test interventions to prevent poor health outcomes through nutritional modification. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Li, Madduri, Rezeli, Santos, Freeman, Peng, McRitchie, Pathmasiri, Hursting, Sumner and Stewart.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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