How safe is off-label use of imiquimod in oral lesions?

Autor: Amaral AL; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Itaúna (UIT), Itaúna, MG, Brazil.; Research Center on Biological Chemistry (NQBio), Federal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil., Lwaleed BA; School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK., Bouquot JE; Dept. of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA., Andrade SA; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Itaúna (UIT), Itaúna, MG, Brazil. saandrade@ufsj.edu.br.; Research Center on Biological Chemistry (NQBio), Federal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil. saandrade@ufsj.edu.br.; Optics and Photonics Research Center (CEPOF), Physics Institute of São Carlos of the University of São Paulo (IFSC-USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil. saandrade@ufsj.edu.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Evidence-based dentistry [Evid Based Dent] 2024 Jun 12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 12.
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-01026-2
Abstrakt: Data Sources: A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed and Embase, adhering to the principles outlined in the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search strategy was subsequently registered on PROSPERO.
Study Selection: Articles were chosen based on an analysis of titles and abstracts, with no restrictions on publication date, language, or participant age. In vitro studies, animal studies, and literature reviews were excluded from consideration.
Data Extraction and Synthesis: Clinical trials in humans, case reports, or case series that reported the use of imiquimod for treating conditions in the oral or labial mucosa were included in this study. Results from duplicate articles were excluded from the analysis.
Results: Out of a total of 601 references initially identified, only 28 studies were included in the review. These studies were classified based on the use of imiquimod into three groups: potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer, lesions related to HPV, and autoimmune conditions. In all cases presented in the article, there is an occurrence of both local and systemic side effects.
Conclusions: The study elucidated the off-label use of imiquimod in oral pathologies, whether potentially malignant, cancerous, autoimmune, or associated with HPV infection. However, it was observed that further research is warranted for the development of a specific formulation for the oral mucosa, ensuring the drug's sustained presence at its active site of action without interference from saliva and minimizing potential side effects.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to British Dental Association.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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