Exploring diagnostic methods for drug-resistant tuberculosis: A comprehensive overview.

Autor: Sanchini A; Scientific Writing and Publishing, 10715, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: info@sanchini-writing.com., Lanni A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: alessio.lanni@iss.it., Giannoni F; Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: federico.giannoni@iss.it., Mustazzolu A; Scientific Communication Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: alessandro.mustazzolu@iss.it.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) [Tuberculosis (Edinb)] 2024 Sep; Vol. 148, pp. 102522. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 31.
DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2024.102522
Abstrakt: Despite available global efforts and funding, Tuberculosis (TB) continues to affect a considerable number of patients worldwide. Policy makers and stakeholders set clear goals to reduce TB incidence and mortality, but the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) complicate the reach of these goals. Drug-resistance TB needs to be diagnosed rapidly and accurately to effectively treat patients, prevent the transmission of MDR-TB, minimise mortality, reduce treatment costs and avoid unnecessary hospitalisations. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of laboratory methods for detecting drug resistance in MTB, focusing on phenotypic, molecular and other drug susceptibility testing (DST) techniques. We found a large variety of methods used, with the BACTEC MGIT 960 being the most common phenotypic DST and the Xpert MTB/RIF being the most common molecular DST. We emphasise the importance of integrating phenotypic and molecular DST to address issues like resistance to new drugs, heteroresistance, mixed infections and low-level resistance mutations. Notably, most of the analysed studies adhered to the outdated definition of XDR-TB and did not consider the pre-XDR definition, thus posing challenges in aligning diagnostic methods with the current landscape of TB resistance.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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