Herpes simplex (HSV-1) encephalitis in an infant: a case report study.
| Autor: | Hosseini PS; Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center., Golfiroozi S; Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran., Hosseini PS; Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center., Ghelichi-Ghojogh M; Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center., Delavari S; Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA., Hosseini SA; Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) [Ann Med Surg (Lond)] 2024 May 08; Vol. 86 (6), pp. 3674-3678. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 08 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| DOI: | 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002050 |
| Abstrakt: | Introduction and Importance: The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common cause of acute sporadic encephalitis, a severe and often fatal disease in humans. It is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates in untreated patients. Case Presentation: An 11-month-old child was admitted to the hospital presenting with acute fever and seizures characterized by staring episodes and spastic movements affecting the left side of the body. Diagnostic workup revealed abnormal T2 flair hyperintense foci in bi-temporoparietal lobes and right thalamus, and bilateral otomastoiditis were detected. A positive result for HSV-1 was obtained through HSV type 1/2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, leading to a diagnosis of herpes encephalitis. Clinical Discussion: While acyclovir has proven to be an effective therapeutic option, mortality and neurological sequelae continue to be reported in a notable fraction of patients. HSV encephalitis is mainly caused by two strains of the herpes simplex virus: HSV-1, more frequently observed in children and adults, and HSV-2, commonly seen in neonates and those with compromised immune systems. MRI scans often reveal that the brain lesions are localized to certain areas, although temporal involvement may not always be evident. The symptoms of herpetic encephalitis can greatly vary, making early diagnosis and treatment vital for improving patient outcomes. Conclusion: This case report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment strategies for HSV-1 encephalitis and underscores the importance of early recognition and prompt initiation of antiviral therapy in suspected cases of HSV-1 encephalitis. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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