Effects of maternal calcium supplementation on offspring blood pressure and growth in childhood and adolescence in a population with a low-calcium intake: follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial.

Autor:	Prentice A; MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Serrekunda, The Gambia; MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, Cambridge, United Kingdom; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Electronic address: ann.prentice@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk., Jarjou LM; MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Serrekunda, The Gambia., Goldberg GR; MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Schoenbuchner SM; MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom., Moore SE; MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Serrekunda, The Gambia; Department of Women and Children's Health, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom., Ward KA; MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Serrekunda, The Gambia; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom., Cole TJ; Department of Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 2024 Jun; Vol. 119 (6), pp. 1443-1454. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 18.
DOI:	10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.02.025
Abstrakt:	Background: The World Health Organization recommends calcium supplementation (1500-2000 mg/d) during pregnancy for women with a low-calcium intake. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether pregnancy calcium supplementation affects offspring blood pressure and growth in The Gambia where calcium intakes are low (300-400 mg/d). Methods: Follow-up of offspring born during a randomized controlled trial of pregnancy calcium supplementation (ISRCTN96502494, 1996-2000) in which mothers were randomly assigned to 1500 mg Ca/d (Ca) or placebo (P) from 20 wk pregnancy to delivery. Offspring were enrolled at age 3 y in studies where blood pressure and anthropometry were measured under standardized conditions at approximately 2-yearly intervals. Mean blood pressure and growth curves were fitted for females and males separately, using the longitudinal SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR) mixed effects model. This generates 3 individual-specific random effects: size, timing, and intensity, reflecting differences in size, age at peak velocity, and peak velocity through puberty relative to the mean curve, respectively. Results: Five hundred twenty-three singleton infants were born during the trial (maternal group assignment: Ca/P = 259/264). Four hundred ninety-one were enrolled as children (females: F-Ca/F-P = 122/129 and males: M-Ca/M-P = 119/121) and measured regularly from 3.0 y to mean age 18.4 y; 90% were measured on ≥8 occasions. SITAR revealed differences in the systolic blood pressure and height curves between pregnancy supplement groups in females, but not in males. F-Ca had lower systolic blood pressure than F-P at all ages (size = -2.1 ± SE 0.8 mmHg; P = 0.005) and lower peak height velocity (intensity = -2.9 ± SE 1.1%, P = 0.009). No significant pregnancy supplement effects were seen for other measures. Conclusions: This study showed, in female offspring, that pregnancy calcium supplementation may lower systolic blood pressure and slow linear growth in childhood and adolescence, adding to evidence of offspring sexual dimorphism in responses to maternal supplementation. Further research is warranted on the long-term and intergenerational effects of antenatal supplementations. This trial was registered at ISRCTN Registry as ISRCTN96502494. (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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