Shedding of measles vaccine RNA in children after receiving measles, mumps and rubella vaccination.

Autor: Washam MC; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA., Leber AL; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA., Oyeniran SJ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA., Everhart K; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA., Wang H; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Electronic address: huanyu.wang@nationwidechildrens.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology [J Clin Virol] 2024 Aug; Vol. 173, pp. 105696. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 24.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105696
Abstrakt: Background: Measles, mumps, and rubella(MMR) vaccination is critical to measles outbreak responses. However, vaccine reactions and detection of measles vaccine RNA in recently immunized persons may complicate case classification especially in those presenting with another respiratory viral illness. We aim to characterize cases of measles vaccine shedding in recently vaccinated children presenting with respiratory viral symptoms.
Methods: Children who were tested with a multiplex respiratory panel <30 days after receiving MMR were identified. Remnant nasopharyngeal(NP) samples were tested for measles vaccine by PCR. Medical records were reviewed for demographics, presenting symptoms, and test results.
Results: From January 2022 to March 2023, 127 NP from children who received MMR were tested. Ninety-six NP were collected after the first dose, of which 33(34.4 %) were positive for vaccine RNA. The median interval between MMR and detection was 11.0 days. Thirty-one NP were collected after the second MMR and 1(3.2 %) was positive; time between the vaccination and detection was 18.9 days. Median cycle threshold(Ct) value of the measles PCR for vaccine shedding was significantly higher than median Ct in children with wild-type infection.
Conclusion: Shedding of measles vaccine RNA is not uncommon and vaccine RNA can be detected up to 29 days post MMR; the amount of vaccine RNA shedding is low indicated by high Ct values. Clinicians and public health officials should consider performing measles vaccine testing on those testing positive for measles within one month of MMR vaccination, especially if the Ct value is high and definitive epidemiological links are absent.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: ALL has received research grants from BioFire, Cepheid, Luminex, and Diasorin, and consulting fees from Medscape, Biorad and BioFire. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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