An optimised and validated surrogate analyte A-TEEM-PARAFAC-PLS technique for detecting and quantifying the biological oxygen demand in surface water.

Autor: Ingwani T; Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa., Chaukura N; Department of Physical and Earth Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, South Africa. nhamo.chaukura@spu.ac.za., Mamba BB; Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa., Nkambule TTI; Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa., Gilmore AM; Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Horiba Instruments Incorporated, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry [Anal Sci] 2024 Sep; Vol. 40 (9), pp. 1683-1694. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 01.
DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00605-8
Abstrakt: A 5-day test duration makes BOD 5 measurement unsatisfactory and hinders the development of a quick technique. Protein-like fluorescence peaks show a strong correlation between the BOD characteristics and the fluorescence intensities. For identifying and measuring BOD in surface water, a simultaneous absorbance-transmittance and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (A-TEEM) method combined with PARAFAC (parallel factor) and PLS (partial least squares) analyses was developed using a tyrosine and tryptophan (tyr-trpt) mix as a surrogate analyte for BOD. The use of a surrogate analyte was decided upon due to lack of fluorescent BOD standards. Tyr-trpt mix standard solutions were added to surface water samples to prepare calibration and validation samples. PARAFAC analysis of excitation-emission matrices detected the tyr-trpt mix in surface water. PLS modelling demonstrated significant linearity (R 2  = 0.991) between the predicted and measured tyr-trypt mix concentrations, and accuracy and robustness were all acceptable per the ICH Q2 (R2) and ASTM multivariate calibration/validation procedures guidelines. Based on a suitable and workable surrogate analyte method, these results imply that BOD can be detected and quantified using the A-TEEM-PARAFAC-PLS method. Very positive comparability between tyr-trypt mix concentrations was found, suggesting that tyr-trypt mix might eventually take the place of a BOD-based sampling protocol. Overall, this approach offers a novel tool that can be quickly applied in water treatment plant settings and is a step in supporting the trend toward rapid BOD determination in waters. Further studies should demonstrate the wide application of the method using real wastewater samples from various water treatment facilities.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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