Nutritional status, dietary habits, and their relation to cognitive functions: A cross-sectional study among the school aged (8-14 years) children of Bangladesh.

Autor: Liza MM; Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Roy S; Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Iktidar MA; Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Chowdhury S; Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Sharif AB; Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; Global Health Institute, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 May 28; Vol. 19 (5), pp. e0304363. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 28 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304363
Abstrakt: Background: Limited research addressed links between nutritional status, dietary habits, and cognitive functions in young children. This study assessed the status of cognitive functions and their association with nutritional status and dietary habits of school age children of Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional multi-centre study was conducted on 776 participants in 11 conveniently selected educational institutions. A printed questionnaire with three sections (Section 1: background information, section 2: PedsQL™ Cognitive Functioning Scale, and section 3: semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire) was utilized for the data collection purpose. Sections 1 and 3 were self-reported by parents, and trained volunteers completed section 2 in-person along with the anthropometric measurements. Statistical analyses were done in Stata (v.16). Mean with standard deviation and frequencies with percentages were used to summarize quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively. Pearson's chi-square test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used to explore bivariate relationships.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 12.02±1.88 years, and the majority (67%) were females. The prevalence of poor cognitive function was 46.52%, and among them, 66.02% were females. In terms of body mass index (BMI), 22.44% possessed normal weight, 17.51% were overweight, and 5.19% were obese. This study found a statistically significant relationship between BMI and cognitive functions. Furthermore, different dietary components (e.g., protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, iron, magnesium) showed a significant (p<0.05 for all) weak positive correlation with cognitive function.
Conclusion: BMI and dietary habits were associated with the cognitive function of young children in Bangladesh. Although the cross-sectional design of the study precludes causal relationships from being determined, the study finding deserves further examination via longitudinal research.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Liza et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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