Antibiotic utilization patterns in Tanzania: a retrospective longitudinal study comparing pre- and intra-COVID-19 pandemic era using Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority data.

Autor:	Sangeda RZ; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania., William SM; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania., Masatu FC; Medicines Control, Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 1253, Dodoma, Tanzania., Bitegeko A; Medicines Control, Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 1253, Dodoma, Tanzania., Mwalwisi YH; Medicines Control, Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 1253, Dodoma, Tanzania., Nkiligi EA; Medicines Control, Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 1253, Dodoma, Tanzania., Horumpende PG; Department of Curative Services, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 743, Dodoma, Tanzania.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute (KCRI), Moshi, Tanzania.; Lugalo Infectious Diseases Research Centre, General Military Hospital (GMH) and Military College of Medical Sciences (MCMS), P.O. Box 4000, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania., Fimbo AM; Medicines Control, Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority, P.O. Box 1253, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	JAC-antimicrobial resistance [JAC Antimicrob Resist] 2024 May 27; Vol. 6 (3), pp. dlae081. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 27 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1093/jacamr/dlae081
Abstrakt:	Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health concern globally, and misuse of antibiotics is a major contributor. Objective: This study investigated antibiotic utilization patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania using data from the Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Authority (TMDA). Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study analysed secondary data. The study compared antibiotics consumption in defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) in two distinct eras: 2018-2019 as the pre-COVID-19 era and 2020-2021 as the intra-COVID-19 era. A sample t -test was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: The study analysed 10 614 records and found an overall increase in antibiotics consumption from 2018 to 2021. We found that the consumption was 61.24 DID in the intra-COVID-19 era and 50.32 DID in the pre-COVID-19 era. Levofloxacin had the highest percentage increase in use, with a 700% increase in DID during the intra-COVID-19 era. Azithromycin had a 163.79% increase, while cefotaxime had a 600% increase. By contrast, some antibiotics exhibited a decrease in usage during the intra-COVID-19 era, such as nalidixic acid, which had a 100% decrease, and cefpodoxime, which had a 66.67% decrease. Conclusions: Increased antibiotic consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the importance of implementing effective antimicrobial stewardship strategies to prevent AMR, especially during pandemics. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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