The Mediterranean diet is not associated with neuroimaging or cognition in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the PREVENT dementia programme.

Autor: Gregory S; Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Scottish Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, UK., Buller-Peralta I; Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Bridgeman K; Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Góngora VC; Global Brain Health Institute, Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; Centre for Evaluation and Survey Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Dounavi ME; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Low A; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Ntailianis G; Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., O'Brien J; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Parra MA; Department of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK., Ritchie CW; Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Scottish Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, UK.; Mackenzie Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK., Ritchie K; INM, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France., Shannon OM; Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Stevenson EJ; Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK., Muniz-Terrera G; Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: European journal of neurology [Eur J Neurol] 2024 Aug; Vol. 31 (8), pp. e16345. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 25.
DOI: 10.1111/ene.16345
Abstrakt: Background and Purpose: The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been associated with reduced dementia incidence in several studies. It is important to understand if diet is associated with brain health in midlife, when Alzheimer's disease and related dementias are known to begin.
Methods: This study used data from the PREVENT dementia programme. Three MedDiet scores were created (the Pyramid, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener [MEDAS] and MEDAS continuous) from a self-reported food frequency questionnaire. Primary outcomes were hippocampal volume and cube-transformed white matter hyperintensity volume. Secondary outcomes included cornu ammonis 1 and subiculum hippocampal subfield volumes, cortical thickness and measures of cognition. Sex-stratified analyses were run to explore differential associations between diet and brain health by sex. An exploratory path analysis was conducted to study if any associations between diet and brain health were mediated by cardiovascular risk factors for dementia.
Results: In all, 504 participants were included in this analysis, with a mean Pyramid score of 8.10 (SD 1.56). There were no significant associations between any MedDiet scoring method and any of the primary or secondary outcomes. There were no differences by sex in any analyses and no significant mediation between the Pyramid score and global cognition by cardiovascular risk factors.
Conclusions: Overall, this study did not find evidence for an association between the MedDiet and either neuroimaging or cognition in a midlife population study. Future work should investigate associations between the MedDiet and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias biomarkers as well as functional neuroimaging in a midlife population.
(© 2024 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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