Effect of spaceflight experience on human brain structure, microstructure, and function: systematic review of neuroimaging studies.

Autor: Rezaei S; Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Seyedmirzaei H; Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gharepapagh E; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Mohagheghfard F; Department of para Medicine, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Hasankhani Z; Department of para Medicine, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Karbasi M; Department of radiology, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Delavari S; Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Aarabi MH; Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, Padova, Italy. mohammadhadiarabi@gmail.com.; Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. mohammadhadiarabi@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Brain imaging and behavior [Brain Imaging Behav] 2024 Oct; Vol. 18 (5), pp. 1256-1279. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 22.
DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00894-7
Abstrakt: Spaceflight-induced brain changes have been commonly reported in astronauts. The role of microgravity in the alteration of the brain structure, microstructure, and function can be tested with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of Spaceflight studies exploring the potential role of brain alterations identified by MRI in astronauts. We conducted a search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to find neuroimaging correlates of spaceflight experience using MRI. A total of 20 studies (structural MRI n = 8, diffusion-based MRI n = 2, functional MRI n = 1, structural MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI n = 6, structural MRI and functional MRI n = 3) met our inclusion criteria. Overall, the studies showed that regardless of the MRI techniques, mission duration significantly impacts the human brain, prompting the inclusion of various brain regions as features in the analyses. After spaceflight, notable alterations were also observed in the superior occipital gyrus and the precentral gyrus which show alterations in connectivity and activation during spaceflight. The results provided highlight the alterations in brain structure after spaceflight, the unique patterns of brain remodeling, the challenges in drawing unified conclusions, and the impact of microgravity on intracranial cerebrospinal fluid volume.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical approval: Not applicable. Consent for publication: This manuscript has been approved for publication by all authors. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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