Leucine promotes energy metabolism and stimulates slow-twitch muscle fibers expression through AMPK/mTOR signaling in equine skeletal muscle satellite cells.

Autor: Xing J; College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China., Bou G; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China., Liu G; College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, Shandong Province, China., Li X; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China., Shen Y; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China., Akhtar MF; College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, Shandong Province, China., Bai D; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China., Zhao Y; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China., Dugarjaviin M; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China., Zhang X; College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China. Electronic address: zhangxinzhuang@imau.edu.cn.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics & proteomics [Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics] 2024 Sep; Vol. 51, pp. 101249. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 20.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101249
Abstrakt: Previous research has shown that leucine (Leu) can stimulate and enhance the proliferation of equine skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs). The gene expression profile associated with Leu-induced proliferation of equine SCs has also been documented. However, the specific role of Leu in regulating the expression of slow-twitch muscle fibers (slow-MyHC) and mitochondrial function in equine SCs, as well as the underlying mechanism, remains unclear. During this investigation, equine SCs underwent culturing in differentiation medium and were subjected to varying concentrations of Leu (0 mM, 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, 5 mM, and 10 mM) over a span of 3 days. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor Compound C and mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTOR) inhibitor Rapamycin were utilized to explore its underlying mechanism. Here we showed that the expression of slow-MyHC at 2 mM Leu level was significantly higher than the concentration levels of 0 mM,0.5 mM and 10 mM (P <0.01), and there was no significant difference compared to other groups (P > 0.05); the basal respiration, maximum respiration, standby respiration and the expression of slow-MyHC, PGC-1α, Cytc, ND1, TFAM, and COX1 were significantly increased with Leu supplementation (P < 0.01). We also found that Leu up-regulated the expression of key proteins on AMPK and mTOR signaling pathways, including LKB1, p-LKB1, AMPK, p-AMPK, S6, p-S6, 4EBP1, p-4EBP1, mTOR and p-mTOR (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Notably, when we treated the equine SCs with the AMPK inhibitor Compound C and the mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin, we observed a reduction in the beneficial effects of Leu on the expression of genes related to slow-MyHC and signaling pathway-related gene expressions. This study provides novel evidence that Leu promotes slow-MyHC expression and enhances mitochondrial function in equine SCs through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms involved in these processes for the first time.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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