Seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum infection among high-risk populations from Brazil.

Autor: Queiroz JHFS; Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Health Sciences Research Laboratory, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Barbosa MDS; Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Health Sciences Research Laboratory, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Perez EVO; Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Health Sciences Research Laboratory, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., da Silva BO; Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Health Sciences Research Laboratory, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., de Souza GHA; Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Health Sciences Research Laboratory, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Gonçalves CCM; State Health Department of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil., Croda J; School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA., Simionatto S; Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Health Sciences Research Laboratory, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address: simonesimionatto@ufgd.edu.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Acta tropica [Acta Trop] 2024 Aug; Vol. 256, pp. 107255. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107255
Abstrakt: Syphilis is a significant public health concern worldwide. According to the 2020 estimates, nearly 7.1 million new cases of syphilis have been reported globally, with over 30 % of these cases reported from American nations, particularly Brazil. Concerns have been raised regarding the susceptibility of specific groups to syphilis due to challenges and vulnerabilities that place these groups at a higher risk of infections or complications in the treatment outcomes. The present study aimed to compare the seroprevalence and the factors associated with syphilis among such high-risk groups. The study was designed as a cross-sectional one and was conducted with pregnant women, people living with HIV (PLHIV), people living with tuberculosis (PLTB), indigenous and healthy populations in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The study was conducted between June 2019 and August 2022, during which the included patients were subjected to treponemal and non-treponemal serological assays. The study also included a survey conducted through a self-reported questionnaire to collect information regarding the participants' demographics and sexual behaviors. A total of 550 samples were collected, with 110 participants in each of the five groups. The results of the study revealed that the seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum infection in pregnant women, PLHIV, PLTB, indigenous and healthy populations of the study region was 10 % (n = 11/110), 41.81 % (n = 46/110), 17.27 % (n = 19/110), 5.45 % (n = 6/110), and 8.18 % (n = 9/110), respectively. Homosexual orientation (p = 0.04) and a history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) (p = 0.01) were associated with the seroprevalence of T. pallidum infection in PLHIV. However, no such associations were noted in the remaining four groups. The seroprevalence of T. pallidum infection was observed to vary significantly among the different high-risk groups, which highlighted the persistent concern of syphilis, particularly among vulnerable populations. These findings underscore the significance of focused interventions and public health strategies customized to the specific requirements of each of the groups evaluated in the present study to decrease the number of cases of syphilis and thereby prevent future complications in patients with other serious infections.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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