Burden and outcome of respiratory morbidities among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease-A retrospective review of emergency presentations in some Nigerian tertiary institutions.

Autor: Ibraheem RM; Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria., Abdulkadir MB; Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria., Aliu R; Department of Paediatrics, Gombe State University & Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria., Issa A; Department of Paediatrics, Children Specialist Hospital Centre-igboro, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria., Ibrahim OR; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre Katsina, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria., Bello AO; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre Bida, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria., Abubakar FI; Department of Paediatrics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria., Oloyede IP; Department of Paediatrics, University of Uyo and University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Olasinde YT; Department of Paediatrics, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria., Briggs DC; Department of Paediatrics, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers state, Nigeria., Bashir MF; Department of Paediatrics, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria., Salau QO; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre Owo, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria., Garba BI; Department of Paediatrics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria., Ameen HA; Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Ilorin and University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria., Suleiman MB; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre Katsina, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria., Bewaji TO; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre Owo, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria., Shina HK; Department of Paediatrics, Gombe State University & Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 May 16; Vol. 19 (5), pp. e0303323. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 16 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303323
Abstrakt: Background: Despite the huge burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) among Nigerian children, the burden and outcome of respiratory illnesses remain undocumented. Thus, we aimed to describe the spectrum and outcome of respiratory illnesses among SCD childrenand adolescentadmissions in ten Nigerian tertiary hospitals.
Method: A retrospective review of the SCD admission records of children and adolescents with a confirmed diagnosis of respiratory illnesses from 2012 to 2021 in ten tertiary health facilities across five geopolitical zones in Nigeria was conducted. The data, collectedbetween March and June 2023, included the age, sex, diagnosis, complications, duration and outcome of hospitalization.
Results: Of the 72,333 paediatric admissions, 7,256 (10.0%) had SCD; the proportion of SCD from the total admission ranged from 2.1 to 16.3% in the facilities. Of the 7,256 children and adolescents with SCD, 1,213 (16.7%) had respiratory morbidities. Lower respiratory disease was the most common (70.0%) respiratory entity and the majority were pneumonia (40.1.0%), followed by acute chest syndrome (26.7%). Seventeen (1.4%) patients died; all had lower respiratory diseases [(acute chest syndrome ACS (11, 64.7%), pneumonia; 5, 29.4%, and asthma (1, 5.9%). Based on the proportion of deaths among overall SCD, the 17 death cases contributed 9.4% (95% CI 5.9 to 14.5). Factors associated with deaths included duration of hospitalization less than 72 hours and lower respiratory tract diseases.
Conclusion: Sickle cell disease is a major contributor to hospitalization among Nigerian children and adolescents, with high respiratory morbidity and mortality. Pneumonia and acute chest syndrome were associated with mortality, andthe highest risk of death within the first 72 hours.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Ibraheem et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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