Transforming the Water-Energy Nexus in Gaza: A Systems Approach.

Autor: Rantissi T; Faculty of Engineering Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev PO Box 653 Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel., Gitis V; Faculty of Engineering Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev PO Box 653 Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel., Zong Z; Laboratory of Sustainable Water Engineering Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX3 1PJ UK., Hankins N; Laboratory of Sustainable Water Engineering Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX3 1PJ UK.; Lady Margaret Hall University of Oxford Norham Gardens Oxford OX2 6QA UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) [Glob Chall] 2024 Mar 12; Vol. 8 (5), pp. 2300304. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 12 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300304
Abstrakt: The acute water and electricity shortages in Gaza necessitate comprehensive solutions that recognize the interconnected nature of these vital resources. This article presents pragmatic solutions to align supply with fundamental needs in both domains, offering viable pathways for achieving strategic water-energy security in Gaza. Baseline data reveals a deficit in the current water supply, falling below the international minimum of 100 L per capita per day, while the reported 137-189 MW per day electricity supply significantly lags behind the estimated 390 MW per day peak demand. To meet projected 2024 residential, commercial, and industrial demands, this study proposes actionable measures including expanding wastewater treatment to enable over 150 MCM per year tertiary effluents for agricultural reuse and adopting energy-efficient forward osmosis-reverse osmosis and osmotically assisted reverse osmosis desalination methods to increase potable water supply to 150 MCM per year. Electricity supply strategies include scaling renewable capacity towards 110 MW per day, exploring regional cooperation to unlock over 360 MW of power per day, and potentially recovering up to 60 MW per day through system efficiencies. These recommendations aim to prevent exacerbated scarcity and alleviate hardships in Gaza.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(© 2024 The Authors. Global Challenges published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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