Relationships of emerging biomarkers of cancer cachexia with quality of life, appetite, and cachexia.

Autor: Lipshitz M; Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa. melanielevydietician@gmail.com.; Melanie Levy Dietician, Johannesburg, 2192, South Africa. melanielevydietician@gmail.com., Visser J; Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa., Anderson R; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 001, South Africa., Nel DG; Centre for Statistical Consultation, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa., Smit T; The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa., Steel HC; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 001, South Africa., Rapoport BL; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 001, South Africa.; The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer [Support Care Cancer] 2024 May 14; Vol. 32 (6), pp. 349. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 14.
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08549-5
Abstrakt: Purpose: Quality of life (QoL), appetite, cachexia, and biomarkers [albumin, hemoglobin (Hb), neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) and citrullinated histoneH3 (H3Cit)] were compared for 40 cases with advanced cancer and 40 healthy controls. Baseline differences and significant relationships were explored for biomarkers with QoL, appetite, and cachexia.
Methods: In a prospective case-control, age and sex matched study, the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life-C30 questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30) for QoL, the Functional Assessment of Anorexia and Cachexia Therapy assessment (FAACT A/CS-12) for appetite, and a five-factor cachexia assessment tool for cachexia assessment were performed. Routine hematological measurements and blood chemistry analyses together with ELISA procedures and a Multiplex® bead array platform, were used for biomarker analysis. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were undertaken. P < 0.05 defined statistical significance.
Results: Global health status (QL-G), functional scales (QL-FS), and symptom scales (QL-SS) differed for cases and controls (p < 0.01). In cases, differences were observed for QL-G (p < 0.01), QL-FS (p < 0.01), and QL-SS (p = 0.01) compared to standardized references values. FAACT A/CS-12 scores differed significantly between cases and controls (p < 0.01) and 30% of cases scored "poor" appetites. Cachexia was present in 60% of cases. Albumin, lymphocytes, platelets, Hb, platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), CRP, TNFα, all at p < 0.01, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (p = 0.02), IL-6 (p < 0.04), and IL-8 (p = 0.02) differed significantly between cases and controls. No difference was found for CXCL5 or H3Cit. Albumin NLR, Hb, PLR, SII, TNFα, IL-8, and CRP showed significant relationships with all aspects of QoL. QL-FS was significantly related to CXCL5 (p = 0.04), significant relationships with FAACT A/CS-12 included: NLR (p = 0.002), Hb (p < 0.001), and PLR (p < 0.01). NLR, PLR, SII, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP correlated positively to cachexia and albumin while Hb and lymphocyte count correlated negatively to cachexia.
Conclusion: CXCL5 and H3Cit were not reliable biomarkers for cancer cachexia, nor significantly related to QoL, appetite or cachexia. Albumin, NLR, Hb, PLR, SII, TNFα, IL-8, and CRP were reliable indicators of QoL, appetite, and cachexia. Future research should include other novel biomarkers namely growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), fractakline, interferon gamma (IFN-y), IL-16, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), and macrophage procoagulant-inducing factor (MPIF).
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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