3D-Printed Carbon Nanoneedle Electrodes for Dopamine Detection in Drosophila.

Autor: Shao Z; Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA., Zhao H; Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA., Dunham KE; Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA., Cao Q; Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA., Lavrik NV; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA., Venton BJ; Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) [Angew Chem Int Ed Engl] 2024 Jul 22; Vol. 63 (30), pp. e202405634. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 21.
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405634
Abstrakt: In vivo electrochemistry in small brain regions or synapses requires nanoelectrodes with long straight tips for submicron scale measurements. Nanoelectrodes can be fabricated using a Nanoscribe two-photon printer, but annealed tips curl if they are long and thin. We propose a new pulling-force strategy to fabricate a straight carbon nanoneedle structure. A micron-width bridge is printed between two blocks. The annealed structure shrinks during pyrolysis, and the blocks create a pulling force to form a long, thin, and straight carbon bridge. Parameterization study and COMSOL modeling indicate changes in the block size, bridge size and length affect the pulling force and bridge shrinkage. Electrodes were printed on niobium wires, insulated with aluminum oxide, and the bridge cut with focused ion beam (FIB) to expose the nanoneedle tip. Annealed needle diameters ranged from 400 nm to 5.25 μm and length varied from 50.5 μm to 146 μm. The electrochemical properties are similar to glassy carbon, with good performance for dopamine detection with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. Nanoelectrodes enable biological applications, such as dopamine detection in a specific Drosophila brain region. Long and thin nanoneedles are generally useful for other applications such as cellular sensing, drug delivery, or gas sensing.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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