Comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and safety of CAR T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor:	Willyanto SE; Bachelor Study Program of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia., Alimsjah YA; Bachelor Study Program of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia., Tanjaya K; Bachelor Study Program of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia., Tuekprakhon A; Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom., Pawestri AR; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Annals of medicine [Ann Med] 2024 Dec; Vol. 56 (1), pp. 2349796. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 13.
DOI:	10.1080/07853890.2024.2349796
Abstrakt:	Background: Relapse/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (r/r B-ALL) represents paediatric cancer with a challenging prognosis. CAR T-cell treatment, considered an advanced treatment, remains controversial due to high relapse rates and adverse events. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of CAR T-cell therapy for r/r B-ALL. Methods: The literature search was performed on four databases. Efficacy parameters included minimal residual disease negative complete remission (MRD-CR) and relapse rate (RR). Safety parameters constituted cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Results: Anti-CD22 showed superior efficacy with the highest MRD-CR event rate and lowest RR, compared to anti-CD19. Combining CAR T-cell therapy with haploidentical stem cell transplantation improved RR. Safety-wise, bispecific anti-CD19/22 had the lowest CRS rate, and anti-CD22 showed the fewest ICANS. Analysis of the costimulatory receptors showed that adding CD28ζ to anti-CD19 CAR T-cell demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing relapses with favorable safety profiles. Conclusion: Choosing a more efficacious and safer CAR T-cell treatment is crucial for improving overall survival in acute leukaemia. Beyond the promising anti-CD22 CAR T-cell, exploring costimulatory domains and new CD targets could enhance treatment effectiveness for r/r B-ALL.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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