Is young adult idiopathic scoliosis a distinct clinical entity from adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis comparing pre-operative characteristics and operative outcomes.

Autor: Khan MA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Quiceno E; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA. equicenor@gmail.com., Ravinsky RA; Department of Orthopedics and Physical Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA., Hussein A; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Abdulla E; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Nosova K; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Moniakis A; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Bauer IL; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Pico A; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Dholaria N; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Deaver C; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Barbagli G; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Prim M; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA., Baaj AA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Arizona- College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Spine deformity [Spine Deform] 2024 Sep; Vol. 12 (5), pp. 1241-1251. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 09.
DOI: 10.1007/s43390-024-00892-1
Abstrakt: Purpose: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the literature comparing pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative characteristics between adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and young adult idiopathic scoliosis (YAdIS) patients.
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a search of the PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central databases to identify full-text articles in the English-language literature. Our inclusion criteria were studies that compared preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics between AIS and YAdIS patients. We performed a meta-analysis reporting mean difference (MD) for continuous variables and Odds ratios (ORs) to assess differences in postoperative complications.
Results: Seven studies consisting of 1562 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The AIS group exhibited less intraoperative bleeding and shorter surgical procedures, with a mean difference between groups of 122.3 ml (95% CI 46.2-198.4, p = 0.002) and 28.7 min (95% CI 6.5-50.8, p = 0.01), respectively. Although the preoperative Cobb angle did not differ between groups (p = 0.65), patients with AIS achieved superior postoperative deformity correction, with a mean difference of 7.3% between groups, MD - 7.3 (95% CI - 9.7, - 4.8, p < 0.00001), and lower postoperative Cobb angles of the major curve, MD 4.2 (95% CI 3.1, 5.3, p < 0.00001). YAdIS patients were fused, on average, 0.2 more vertebral levels than AIS patients, MD 0.2 (95% CI 0.01, 0.5, p = 0.04). AIS patients experienced a significantly shorter length of stay after the surgical procedure, with an MD of 0.8 days (95% CI 0.1, 1.6, p = 0.02). No significant difference was found between groups in terms of complications (p = 0.19).
Conclusions: YAdIS should be regarded as a distinct surgical entity, characterized by increased bleeding, longer surgical duration, greater deformity correction challenges, and the need for fusion of additional vertebral levels compared to AIS. Surgeons should be mindful of these differences and discuss them with patients and their families, especially in cases where the correction of the AIS deformity is delayed and there is a high risk of progression after skeletal maturity. Further research is needed to explore alternative surgical techniques and enhance outcomes for YAdIS patients.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Scoliosis Research Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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