Socioeconomic and gender inequalities in mental disorders among adolescents and young adults.

Autor: Mar J; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Debagoiena Integrated Health Organisation, Research Unit, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; REDISSEC (Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network), Bilbao, Spain; Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain. Electronic address: franciscojavier.marmedina@osakidetza.eus., Larrañaga I; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Debagoiena Integrated Health Organisation, Research Unit, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain; Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain., Ibarrondo O; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Debagoiena Integrated Health Organisation, Research Unit, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain., González-Pinto A; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; UPV/EHU - University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; CIBERSAM, CIBER en Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain., Hayas CL; Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain., Fullaondo A; Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain., Izco-Basurko I; Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain., Alonso J; Health Services Research Group, IMIM - Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERESP, CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain; UPF - Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain., Mateo-Abad M; REDISSEC (Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network), Bilbao, Spain; Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain., de Manuel E; Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Spanish journal of psychiatry and mental health [Span J Psychiatry Ment Health] 2024 Apr-Jun; Vol. 17 (2), pp. 95-102. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jul 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2022.07.001
Abstrakt: Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) and gender play a key role in mental health. The objective of this study was to assess socioeconomic and gender mental health inequalities in adolescents and young adults using a population-based registry.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a lifetime follow-up study of all residents in the Basque Country between 1 and 30 years old (n=609,381) as of 31 December 2018. Primary care, specialized outpatient, and hospital care records were searched for diagnoses. SES was assessed based on household income. We estimated disaggregated lifetime prevalence of substance use, behaviour, anxiety, depression, psychosis, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The local Institute of Statistics validated the mortality data. The likelihood of risks was estimated using logistic regression.
Results: Overall, 96,671 individuals (15.9%) had a diagnosed mental disorder, with clear gradients by gender and SES. Females of medium-to-high SES had the lowest prevalence of all mental disorders, except anxiety and depression. This group was followed by males of the same SES and females of low SES, while the highest prevalence of mental disorders was observed in low-SES males. The lower income categories had higher risks of psychiatric admission (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.64 for females; 6.66 for males) and death (AOR: 5.42). People with a mental health diagnosis had higher mortality (AOR: 2.38).
Conclusions: Our work evidenced important SES and gender inequalities in the mental health and premature mortality of adolescents and young adults, findings that should drive the development and implementation of early preventive interventions.
(Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier España S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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